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- Queen of France (1115-1137)
- AKA: Adelaide of Maurienne
- AKA: Adelaide of Savoy
Adèle de Savoie was born 1092 to Humbert II de Savoie (aft1065-1103) and Gisele de Bourgogne (1075-aft1133) and died 18 November 1154 of unspecified causes. She married Louis VI of France (1081-1137) 15 August 1115 JL in France. She married Mathieu I de Montmorency (1100-1160) .
Adelaide of Maurienne, also called Alix or Adele[1] was Queen of France as the second wife of King Louis VI of France (1081-1137) (1115–1137).
Parentage and Early Life
Adelaide was the daughter of Count Humbert II de Savoie (aft1065-1103) and Gisele de Bourgogne (1075-aft1133), Marchioness of Montferrat.[2] Adelaide's older brother Amadeus III succeeded their father as Count of Savoy in 1103.[3] Adelaide had the same name as her paternal great-grandmother Adelaide of Susa, ruler of the March of Turin, and her second cousin, Adelaide del Vasto, queen of Jerusalem. Through her father, Adelaide was also related to Emperor Henry V. On her mother's side, Adelaide's relatives included her uncle Pope Callixtus II, who visited Adelaide at court in France, and her first cousin King Alfonso VII of León and Castile.
Queenship
Adelaide became the second wife of King Louis VI of France, whom she married on 3 August 1115 in Paris, France.[4] They had nine children, the second of whom became Louis VII of France.
Diploma issued by King Louis VI and Queen Adelaide for the canons of the cathedral chapter of Paris (1127)
Adelaide was one of the most politically active of all France's medieval queens. Her name appears on 45 royal charters from the reign of Louis VI.[5] During her tenure as queen, royal charters were dated with both her regnal year and that of the king.[6] Among many other religious benefactions, she and Louis founded the monastery of St Peter's (Ste Pierre) at Montmartre, in the northern suburbs of Paris.[7]
After Louis VI's death, Adelaide did not immediately retire to conventual life, as did most widowed queens of the time. Instead, she married Matthieu I of Montmorency,[8] with whom she had one child. She remained active in the French court and religious activities.
Death
In 1153 she retired to Montmartre Abbey, which she had founded with Louis VII.[9] She died there on 18 November 1154.[8] She was buried in the cemetery of the Church of St. Pierre at Montmartre. The abbey was destroyed during the French Revolution, but Adelaide's tomb is still visible in the church of St Pierre.
Family
1st Marriage: Louis the Fat
On 3 August 1115 Louis married Adèle de Savoie (1092-1154), daughter of Humbert II of Savoy and of Gisela of Burgundy, and niece of Pope Callixtus II. They had eight children. Adelaide was one of the most politically active of all France's medieval queens. Her name appears on 45 royal charters from the reign of Louis VI. During her time as queen (1115–1137), royal charters were dated with both her regnal year and that of the king.
King Louis VI of France had several children with his wife Adelaide. Their children:
Their children:
- Philippe Capet (1116-1131) , King of the Franks (1129–31), not to be confused with his brother of the same name; he died as a result of a fall from a horse.
- Louis VII de France (1120-1180), - King of the Franks (1131-1180)
- Henry Capet (1121-1175), - Archbishop of Reims[10]
- Hugues Capet (c1122-?) (– died young).
- Robert I de Dreux (c1123-1188), - count of Dreux[11]
- Pierre de Courtenay (1126-1183)[12] , married Elizabeth, Lady of Courtenay[13]
- Constance Capet (c1124-1176) , married first Eustace IV, count of Boulogne, and then Raymond V of Toulouse
- Philip Capet (1125-1161) , Archdeacon of Paris[14]
Children
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Philippe Capet (1116-1131) | 29 August 1116 | 13 October 1131 Paris | |
| Louis VII de France (1120-1180) | 1120 Paris, France | 18 September 1180 | Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204) Constance of Castile (c1140-1160) Alice de Champagne (1140-1206) |
| Henry Capet (1121-1175) | |||
| Hugues Capet (c1122-?) | |||
| Robert I de Dreux (c1123-1188) | 1123 | 11 October 1188 | Agnes de Garlande (1122-1143) Hawise of Salisbury (1118-1152) Agnès de Baudement (1130-1204) |
| Constance Capet (c1124-1176) | 1124 | 1176 | Eustache IV de Blois (c1129-1153) Raymond V de Toulouse (1134-1194) |
| Philip Capet (1125-1161) | |||
| Pierre de Courtenay (1126-1183) | September 1126 | 10 April 1183 | Elizabeth de Courtenay (1127-1205) |
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Fille de Montmorency (?-?) | |||
Siblings
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Adèle de Savoie (1092-1154) | 1092 | 18 November 1154 | Louis VI of France (1081-1137) Mathieu I de Montmorency (1100-1160) |
| Amédée III de Savoie (1095-1149) | 1095 | 1148 Carignano | Adelaide (-aft1133) Mahaut d'Albon (1112-1148) |
| Guillaume de Savoie (c1097-1130) | 1097 | 1130 | |
| Humbert de Savoie (c1099-1131) | |||
| Guy de Savoie (c1101-c1148) | 1101 | 1148 | |
| Rinaldo de Savoie (c1103-c1150) | 1103 | 1150 | |
| Agnès de Maurienne (1104-aft1180) | 1104 | 1180 | Archambaud VII de Bourbon (1100-1171) |
Legend
Adelaide is one of two queens in a legend related in the seventeenth century by William Dugdale. As the story goes, Queen Adélaide of France became enamored of a young knight, William d'Albini, at a joust. However, he was already engaged to Adeliza of Louvain and refused to become her lover. The jealous Adélaide lured him into the clutches of a hungry lion, but William ripped out the beast's tongue with his bare hands and thus killed it. This story is almost without a doubt, apocryphal.[15]
See Also
- Charlemagne Family Ancestry
- Capetian dynasty
- wikipedia:en:Adelaide of Maurienne
- http://thepeerage.com/p10310.htm#i103093
- Capetian Kings - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
- Adelaide of Maurienne - Geni.com
- Adelaide of Maurienne at Find A Grave
- Adelaide of Savoy - disambiguation
- Dupuy, Micheline (1968) (in French). Francaises, reines d'Angleterre. Perrin.
- Facinger, Marion F. (1968). "A Study of Medieval Queenship: Capetian France, 987–1237". Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History 5: 3–48.
- Hanley, Catherine (2022). Two Houses, Two Kingdoms: A History of France and England, 1100-1300. Yale University Press.
- Henneman, John Bell Jr. (1995). Medieval France: An Encyclopedia. Routledge.
- Huneycutt, Lois L. (2004). "The Creation of a Crone: The Historical Reputation of Adelaide of Maurienne". In Nolan, Kathleen. Capetian Women. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 27–43.
- Montaubin, Pascal (2016). "Innocent II and Capetian France". Pope Innocent II (1130-43): The World vs the City. Routledge.
- Nolan, Kathleen (2003). "The Tomb of Adelaide of Maurienne and the Visual Imagery of Capetian Queenship". In Nolan, Kathleen. Capetian Women. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Previte-Orton, C. W. (1912). The Early History of the House of Savoy. Cambridge University Press. https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofho00prevuoft.
- Stroll, Mary (2004). Calixtus the Second, 1119-1124. Brill.
References
- ^ Dupuy 1968, p. 374.
- ^ Previte-Orton 1912, p. 276-277.
- ^ Previte-Orton 1912, p. 278.
- ^ Stroll 2004, p. 192.
- ^ Huneycutt 2004, p. 28.
- ^ Facinger 1968, p. 28-29.
- ^ Huneycutt 2004, p. 30.
- ^ a b Henneman 1995, p. 7.
- ^ Nolan 2003, p. 48.
- ^ Gilbert of Mons 2005, p. 68, n288.
- ^ Lewis 1985, p. 145.
- ^ Rasmussen 1997, p. 9.
- ^ Vincent 1999, p. 202.
- ^ Lewis 1995, pp. 111,113,116.
- ^ Huneycutt 2004, p. 27-28.
Adèle de Savoie (1092-1154) Born: 1097 Died: 18 November 1154
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French royalty
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| Preceded by Bertrade de Montfort |
Queen consort of France 1115–1137 |
Succeeded by Eleanor of Aquitaine |