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Albert I of Monaco (1848-1922)

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Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi of Monaco was born 13 November 1848 in Paris, Ile-de-France, France to Charles III of Monaco (1818-1889) and Antoinette Ghislaine Merode (1828-1864) and died 26 June 1922 Crequy, Pas-de-Calais, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France of unspecified causes. He married Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton (1850-1922) 21 September 1869 in Marchais, Gironde, Aquitaine, France. He married Marie Alice Heine (1857-1925) 31 October 1889 in Paris, Île-de-France, France.

Biography

Prince Albert I statue

A statue of Albert as a seafarer in Monaco-Ville's St Martin Gardens.

Prince Albert I of Monaco, whose full name was Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi, was born on November 13, 1848, in Paris, France. He was the reigning prince of Monaco from 1889 until his death in 1922. Prince Albert I is known for his deep interest and contributions to the fields of oceanography, marine biology, and environmental conservation.

Prince Albert I came from the Grimaldi family, the ruling family of Monaco. He ascended to the throne after the death of his father, Prince Charles III. During his reign, he focused on modernizing Monaco and transforming it into a prosperous and internationally recognized principality.

One of Prince Albert I's most significant contributions was in the field of oceanography. He had a deep fascination with the sea and conducted numerous scientific expeditions to explore and study the world's oceans. In 1885, he founded the Oceanographic Institute in Monaco, which aimed to promote scientific research and understanding of marine life. Prince Albert I personally participated in several expeditions and made important discoveries, including the identification of previously unknown marine species.

Prince Albert I also played a crucial role in advancing international cooperation in oceanography. He organized conferences and established collaborations with various nations to share scientific knowledge and promote environmental conservation. His efforts led to the establishment of the International Commission for the Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean Sea and the International Union for the Protection of Nature, which later became the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Apart from his scientific pursuits, Prince Albert I was committed to improving the quality of life for the people of Monaco. He initiated infrastructure projects, such as the construction of a new harbor and the creation of a railway link with France. He also introduced social reforms, including the improvement of working conditions and the development of education and healthcare systems.

Prince Albert I married Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton in 1869, with whom he had one child. However, the marriage was troubled, and they separated in 1902. Despite their separation, Prince Albert I maintained a close relationship with his children and was succeeded by his son, Louis II of Monaco (1870-1949), upon his death in 1922.

Prince Albert I of Monaco left a lasting legacy as a pioneering oceanographer, conservationist, and progressive ruler. His contributions to the fields of marine science and environmental conservation continue to inspire and shape the work of scientists and conservationists around the world.

House of Grimaldi

Great coat of arms of the house of Grimaldi

Great coat of arms of the House of Grimaldi.

The Grimaldi Family, with few exceptions for enemy occupations, have been primary rulers of Monaco since the 13th Century. Their family ancestry can be easily traced to many of the great noble families of Europe. See Also:

Family Life

Prince Albert I of Monaco had two marriages during his lifetime. Here are the details about each of his marriages:

1st Marriage: Lady Hamilton

Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton: Prince Albert I's first wife was Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton. They were married on September 21, 1869, in Château de Marchais, France. Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton was the daughter of William Alexander Anthony Archibald Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton, and his wife, Princess Marie Amélie Elizabeth Caroline of Baden. Although the marriage initially appeared to be a love match, it faced difficulties over time. Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton struggled with mental health issues, and the couple grew apart. They eventually separated in 1902, but they did not officially divorce. Despite the separation, Prince Albert I and Lady Mary maintained a cordial relationship, and she continued to live in Monaco until her death in 1922.

2nd Marriage: Alice Heine

Alice Heine: After his separation from Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton, Prince Albert I went on to marry Alice Heine, an American-born socialite. Alice Heine was born on February 10, 1858, in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. She was previously married to Marie Joseph Louis, Duc de Richelieu, but their marriage ended in divorce.

Prince Albert I and Alice Heine were married on October 30, 1889, in Paris. Their marriage brought a sense of stability and happiness to Prince Albert's life. Alice was a prominent figure in Parisian society and played a significant role in promoting the arts and culture of Monaco. She was also known for her philanthropic activities.



Children


Offspring of Albert I of Monaco and Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton (1850-1922)
Name Birth Death Joined with
Louis II of Monaco (1870-1949) 12 July 1870 Baden-Baden, Germany 9 May 1949 Monaco Marie Juliette Louvet (1867-1930)
Ghislaine Dommanget (1900-1991)



Siblings


Offspring of Charles III of Monaco (1818-1889) and Antoinette Ghislaine Merode (1828-1864)
Name Birth Death Joined with
Albert I of Monaco (1848-1922) 13 November 1848 Paris, Ile-de-France, France 26 June 1922 Crequy, Pas-de-Calais, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton (1850-1922)
Marie Alice Heine (1857-1925)

Residences

See Also

External Links

Titles and Honors

Decorations[1]
  •  Monaco: Grand Master of the Order of St. Charles{{{1}}} United States Federal Census, {{{2}}}, [[{{{3}}} County, {{{4}}}|{{{3}}} County]], [[{{{4}}}]].
  •  Austria-Hungary: Decoration of Honour for Arts and Sciences, 1912[2]
  •  Baden: Grand Cross of the Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order
  •  Kingdom of Bavaria: Knight of St. Hubert, 1900[3]
  •  Empire of Brazil: Grand Cross of the Order of the Rose, 21 August 1888[4]
  • Template:Country data Second French Empire:
    • Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour[5]
    • Commemoration Medal of the 1870–1871 War{{{1}}} United States Federal Census, {{{2}}}, [[{{{3}}} County, {{{4}}}|{{{3}}} County]], [[{{{4}}}]].
  •  Kingdom of Italy: Knight of the Annunciation, with Collar, 25 April 1910[6]
  • Template:Country data Qajar Iran: Order of the Lion and the Sun, 1st Class, 14 January 1915[7]
  •  Kingdom of Prussia: Knight of the Black Eagle, with Collar[8]
  • Sweden Norway Sweden-Norway:
    • Grand Cross of St. Olav, with Collar, 30 March 1875[9]
    • Knight of the Seraphim, with Collar, 17 June 1894[10]
  •  United States:
    • Medal of Alexander Agassiz, 1918[11]
    • Medal of Cullum Geography, 1921[12]
  •  Württemberg: Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown, 1880[13]
  • Template:Country data Restoration (Spain):
    • Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III, 27 January 1878[14]
    • Grand Cross of Naval Merit, with White Decoration, 1886[15]

Royal Succession Charts

Albert I of Monaco (1848-1922)
Cadet branch of the House of Matignon
Born: 13 November 1848 Died: 26 June 1922
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Charles III 		Prince of Monaco
1889–1922 		Succeeded by
Louis II
Monegasque royalty
Preceded by
Charles III 		Hereditary Prince of Monaco
1856–1889 		Succeeded by
Louis II
Marquis of Baux
1856–1889
Titles of nobility
Preceded by
Charles III of Monaco 		Duke of Valentinois
1889–1919 		Succeeded by
Princess Charlotte

References

  1. ^ Justus Perthes, Almanach de Gotha (1922) p. 67
  2. ^ "Ritter-Orden", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, 1916, pp. 32, https://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?aid=shb&datum=1916&page=71&size=45 
  3. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern (1906), "Königliche Orden" p. 8
  4. ^ Journal de Monaco 21 August 1888. Retrieved 13 December 2022
  5. ^ "Prince Albert I of Monaco". http://www.institut-ocean.org/rubriques.php?lang=fr&categ=1352975629&sscategorie=1352976781&article=1353574250. 
  6. ^ Italy. Ministero dell'interno (1920). Calendario generale del regno d'Italia. p. 58. https://books.google.com/books?id=KU1TIJPtKx0C&pg=PR3. 
  7. ^ Journal de Monaco 19 January 1915. Retrieved 13 December 2022
  8. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named nyt1914
  9. ^ (in no) Norges Statskalender, 1890, p. 594, http://runeberg.org/norkal/1890/0355.html, retrieved 2018-01-06 
  10. ^ (in sv) Sveriges statskalender, 1905, p. 440, http://runeberg.org/statskal/1905/0464.html, retrieved 2019-02-20 
  11. ^ National Academy of Sciences
  12. ^ American Geographical Society
  13. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1907), "Königliche Orden" p. 28
  14. ^ "Real y distinguida orden de Carlos III". Guía Oficial de España. 1887. p. 156. http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000941464&search=&lang=es. 
  15. ^ "Caballeros Grandes Cruces de la Orden del Mérito Naval" (in es). Guía Oficial de España. 1908. p. 541. http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0001011466&search=&lang=es. 



Footnotes (including sources)

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