- 8th General President of the Relief Society
- Utah State Representative
Biography
Amy Cassandra Brown Lyman was the eighth general president of the Relief Society of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1940 to 1945. Lyman also served a term as a member of the 14th Utah State Legislature from 1923 to 1924.
Amy Cassandra Brown Lyman was born 7 February 1872 in Pleasant Grove, Utah County, Utah, United States to John Brown (1820-1896) and Margaret Zimmerman (1836-1929) and died 5 December 1959 Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Utah, United States of unspecified causes. She married Richard Roswell Lyman (1870-1963) 9 September 1896 in Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Utah, United States.
Early life
Amy Cassandra Brown was born in Pleasant Grove, Utah Territory on February 7, 1872, to John Brown (1820-1896) and Margaret Zimmerman (1836-1929).[1] John Brown was a polygamist, and Amy Brown was his 23rd of 25 children. He was also a leader of the Mississippi Latter-day Saints.[2]:97–98
Amy Brown attended high school at Brigham Young Academy (BYA)[3] from 1888 to 1890. For part of her time at BYA, Brown lived in the home of Karl G. and Anna Meith Maeser.[4] Maeser appointed Brown to head the Primary Department at BYA. Brown worked as a teacher at BYA from 1890 to 1894, and later taught elementary school in Salt Lake City for two years.[2]:100[4]
Marriage
Lyman in 1914
At BYA she met Richard Roswell Lyman (1870-1963),[5] her future husband who would become an LDS Church apostle in 1918. Brown and Lyman's plans to marry were postponed because the University of Michigan, where Lyman was studying, did not allow married students.[4] After Lyman graduated in 1896,[6] the couple was married in the Salt Lake Temple, and the ceremony was performed by Joseph F. Smith. The couple had two children: Wendell Brown and Margaret.[4]
After their marriage, Richard Lyman was a professor of engineering at the University of Utah.[6] Amy Lyman took classes from the university, including English and history.[2]:101 In 1902, the Lymans went to New York so that Richard could begin his graduate studies at Cornell University. On their way, they went to a summer session at the University of Chicago.[6] While in Chicago, Lyman enrolled in a class on sociology.[7] She became involved in Settlement House programs and associated with Jane Addams.[4] After her husband graduated from Cornell University, the couple returned to Utah.[6]
Prior to the Second World War, Lyman accompanied her husband to England where he presided over the church's European Mission from 1936 to 1938.[8] In Europe, Lyman presided over women's organizations.[2]:109
LDS Church service
Alice Louise Reynolds, Amy Brown Lyman, Grace Raymond Hebard, Mrs. Weston Vernon, Ruth Moench Bell Susa Young Gates
Relief Society
Lyman was called a member of the general board Relief Society in 1909.[9] She served for two years and served as assistant secretary for two years. After that, she was the general secretary-treasurer for 15 years. She helped the Relief Society use more modern practices like office machines and filing systems. She also collected minutes from their meetings and other historical documents. While on the general board, she established Social Service Department under Joseph F. Smith's authorization.[4] From 1928 to 1940, Lyman was the first counselor to the president Louise Y. Robison in the Relief Society general presidency.[9] As a counselor, she transferred stored wheat collected under Brigham Young to the General Welfare Program. She also assisted in the centennial celebration of Relief Society.[2] Lyman succeeded Robison as president in 1940 and served until 1945.[9]:197
Lyman received numerous honors which include election to the Social Science Honor Society of America, the Distinguished Alumnus Award from Brigham Young University, honorary membership in the American Association of Mental Deficiency, and the Honorary Life Membership Award from the Utah State Conference of Social Work.[10]
In 1943, the First Presidency discovered that Richard Lyman had a relationship with another woman since 1925, which resulted in his ex-communication on November 12, 1943, for violations of the law of chastity.[11] Due to the marital problems resulting from her husband's infidelity, Lyman requested that she be released.[12] She was honorably released on April 6, 1945,[5] and was succeeded by her second counselor, Belle S. Spafford.
Social welfare department
Part of Lyman's work in the Relief Society included her contributions to the social welfare department of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Lyman studied at the University of Colorado and earned a certificate in social service.[4] She was a member of the State Council on Defense in Utah and was chair of its social service committee. She was selected to be a delegate to the National Conference of Social Work in June 1917.[6]
In 1919, Lyman founded and headed the Relief Society Social Service Department as part of the church's Relief Society program.[6] She would head the department for 16 years. In 1973, the organization became a corporation separate from the church's Relief Society and was renamed LDS Social Services. (The organization has since been renamed Family Services.)[13]
As head of the Social Service Department, Lyman created a training program in which stake delegates attended classes in family welfare work. They would then return to their stakes and to teach these lessons to the members of the church.[7] Over 4,000 students were trained through the curriculum she established for those classes.[6]
Utah House of Representatives
Lyman served a term as a member of the 14th Utah State Legislature from 1923-1924.[4] As a representative, she pushed for statewide support of the federal Sheppard–Towner Act,[6] which provided for federally financed instruction in maternal and infant health care and gave matching funds to individual U.S. states to build women's health care clinics.[14] The Sheppard–Towner Act was one of the most significant achievements of Progressive-era maternalist reformers.[15]
Other contributions
Throughout her life, Lyman was involved with the Red Cross.[6] She attended a Red Cross training seminar on welfare work in Colorado in 1917, and by 1918 she was a trustee and vice-president of her community clinic, organizer of the Municipal Department of Health and Charity, chairperson of the Family Consultation Committee of the Red Cross and the vice-president of State Welfare Commission. She also participated in national organizations like the American Child Hygiene Association, Home Services Institute, American Association for Mental Deficiency and the National Tuberculosis Association. Under her influence, Brigham Young University created its first classes in family welfare work.[2]:104 She was also involved with the National Council of Women.[16] She contributed to the establishment of the Utah State Training School in 1929, for whom she was a trustee for eleven years.[4]
Lyman raised her granddaughter, Amy Kathryn Lyman (daughter of Lyman's son Wendell), after Lyman's daughter-in-law was killed in 1924. Her son Wendell committed suicide in 1933.[2]:108 Her husband was later rebaptized into the church in 1954.[4] Lyman died on December 5, 1959[16] in the house of her daughter where she had been recovering from a fall.[2]:113
Children
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Wendell Brown Lyman (1897-1933) | 18 December 1897 Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Utah, United States | 13 May 1933 Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Utah, United States | Rachel Ballif (1899-1925) |
| Margaret Lyman (1903-1985) | |||
Siblings
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Henrietta Mariah Brown (1855-1855) | |||
| Laura Jane Brown (1857-1882) | |||
| Mary Ann Brown (1859-1966) | |||
| Robert Alexander Brown (1863-1864) | |||
| Minetta Permelia Brown (1866-1962) | |||
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Juliana Brown (1859-1860) | |||
| Harriet Rose Ann Brown (1860-1957) | |||
| Joseph Brown (1863-1863) | |||
| Josephine Brown (1863-1864) | |||
| Lydia Christina Brown (1865-1948) | |||
| Nanette Brown (1866-) | |||
| Margaret Brown (1867-1890) | |||
| Susan Elizabeth Brown (1870-1926) | |||
| Amy Cassandra Brown (1872-1959) | 7 February 1872 Pleasant Grove, Utah County, Utah, United States | 5 December 1959 Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Utah, United States | Richard Roswell Lyman (1870-1963) |
| John Zimmerman Brown (1873-1961) | |||
| Lawrence Hoke Brown (1875-1883) | |||
Residences
Works
Lyman wrote a number of articles that were published in the Relief Society Magazine.
See Also
- Amy Brown
- Brown Family
- Brown in Salt Lake County, Utah
- Brown in Utah County, Utah
- wikipedia:en:Amy B. Lyman - Wikipedia
References
- ^ "Amy Brown Lyman: Eighth General President of the Relief Society". The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/callings/relief-society/relief-society-presidents/amy-brown-lyman?lang=eng.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Hefner, Loretta L. (1978). "Amy B. Lyman". In Burgess-Olson, Vicky; Allen, James. Sister Saints. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press. ISBN 9780842512350.
- ^ Gibbons, Francis M. (1990). George Albert Smith: Kind and Caring Christian, Prophet of God. Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret Book. p. 5. ISBN 9781606412145.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j (1992) "Lyman, Amy Brown". Encyclopedia of Mormonism: 847–848.
- ^ a b Black, Susan Easton; Woodger, Mary Jane (2011). Women of Character. American Fork, Utah: Covenant Communications. pp. 196–198. ISBN 9781680470185.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Anxiously Engaged: Amy Brown Lyman and Relief Society Charity Work, 1917-45". Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 27: 73–91.
- ^ "Biographical History". http://files.lib.byu.edu/ead/XML/MSS1079.xml#idp469824512.
- ^ a b c (2010) "A crossroads for Mormon women: Amy Brown Lyman, J. Reuben Clark, and the decline of organized women's activism in the Relief Society". Journal of Mormon History 36 (2): 205–249.
- ^ Peterson. Elect Ladies. Deseret Book Company. pp. 141.
- ^ Bergera, Gary James (Fall 2011), "Transgressions in the Latter-day Saint Community: The Cases of Albert Carrington, Richard R. Lyman, and Joseph F. Smith — Part 2: Richard R. Lyman", Journal of Mormon History 37 (4): 173–207, http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1067&context=mormonhistory
- ^ Dave Hall, A Faded Legacy: Amy Brown Lyman and Mormon Women's Activism, 1872-1959 (University of Utah Press, 2015)
- ^ Livingstone, John P.. "14. Historical Highlights of LDS Family Services". Brigham Young University Religious Education.
- ^ "Sheppard-Towner Act". Facts on File, Inc.. 23 Nov 1921. http://www.fofweb.com/History/MainPrintPage.asp?iPin=E03320&DataType=AmericanHistory&WinType=Free.
- ^ Ladd-Taylor, Molly (1993). ""My Work Came Out of Agony and Grief":Mothers and the Making of the Sheppard-Towner Act". In Koven, Seth; Michel, Sonya. Mothers of a New World: Maternalist Politics and the Origins of Welfare States. Routledge. pp. 323. ISBN 0415903149. https://books.google.com/books?id=nUvfAQAAQBAJ&q=Progressive-era+maternalist+reforms+sheppard+act&pg=PA323.
- ^ a b Cite error: Invalid
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