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- Princess Anne of Kiev
- Queen of France
- AKA: Anna Yaroslavna
- AKA: Princess Anne of Rus
Anne of Kiev was born circa 1024 to Yaroslav I Vladimirovich of Kiev (c978-1054) and Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden (1001-1050) and died 1075 of unspecified causes. She married Henry I of France (1008-1060) 19 May 1051 JL in Reims, France. She married Raoul IV de Vexin (?-1074) 1061 JL .
Biography
Art historian Victor Lazarev presumed that the left-most figure on this fresco at Saint Sophia's Cathedral, Kyiv, represented Anne. According to historian Robert-Henri Bautier, it depicts a brother of hers.
Princess Anne of Kiev (also known as Anna Yaroslavna or Anne of Rus) was a prominent figure in medieval Europe during the 11th century. She was born in Kiev, the capital of the Kievan Rus' (present-day Ukraine), around 1024 AD, and was the daughter of Grand Prince Yaroslav the Wise and Ingegerd of Sweden.
In 1049, Anne was married to King Henry I of France (1008-1060), which was a significant political alliance between the Kievan Rus' and France. Anne was known for her beauty, intelligence, and her strong character, which made her an important figure in the French court.
Anne's marriage to Henry I was initially difficult due to the language barrier and cultural differences, but she soon became popular among the French people for her charitable works and her patronage of the arts. She also played a significant role in the education of her children, including her son, King Philip I of France.
Anne was known for her strong influence on her husband, who often consulted her on political matters. She was also involved in diplomatic efforts between France and the Holy Roman Empire, which helped to maintain peace between the two powers.
Anne died in 1075 and was buried in the Basilica of St. Denis in Paris. She is remembered as an important figure in medieval history, both for her political achievements and her influence on French culture.
Engagement
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Statue of Anne at the Abbey of Saint-Vincent (2011)
The negotiations for Anne's marriage to the 18-years-older King Henry took place in the late 1040s, after the death of Henry's first wife, Matilda of Frisia, and their only child. Due to the pressing need for an heir, and the Church's growing disapproval of consanguineous marriages, it became necessary for Henry to seek an unrelated bride.[1][2] The Kievan Rus' was not unknown to the French. Yaroslav had married several of his children to Western rulers in an attempt to avoid the influence of the Byzantine Empire.[1]
In the autumn of 1049 or the spring of 1050, Henry sent Bishop Gauthier of Meaux, Goscelin of Chauny, and other unnamed advisors to Yaroslav's court.[1] It is possible that there were two diplomatic missions to the Rus at this time, with Roger of Chalons also present.[1][3][4] No record of the marriage negotiations or the dowry arrangements survives, although Anne reportedly left Kiev with "rich presents".[1] Gregorovich claims that part of the wealth she brought to France included the jacinth jewel that Abbot Suger later mounted on a reliquary of St. Denis.[3][5] Anne left Kiev in the summer or fall of 1050 and traveled to Reims.[1]
King Henry and Anne of Kiev had four known children, three sons and one daughter:
- Philip I of France (1052-1108): Philip was born in 1052 and succeeded his father as King of France upon his death in 1060. He ruled for 48 years until his death in 1108. Philip was known for his military campaigns, expansion of the royal domain, and his tumultuous personal life.[6]
- Hugh de Vermandois (1053-1101): Hugh "the Great" was born in 1057 and was the eldest surviving son of Henry I. He was given the title of Duke of the Franks and Count of Vermandois. Hugh was a powerful and influential figure in French politics during the reigns of his brother, Philip, and his nephew, Louis VI. He also has a great posterity thru which many European royal families trace their ancestry[7]
- Emma Capet (1054-c1109)-
- Robert Capet (c1055-c1060): Robert was born in 1054 and was given the title of Duke of Burgundy. He rebelled against his brother, Philip, and was imprisoned for a time. He later reconciled with his brother and served as regent for his nephew, Louis VI.[8]
- Adele: Adele was born in 1067 and married the Count of Flanders, Baldwin V. She was known for her piety and charitable works, and was later canonized as a saint in the Catholic Church.
Henry and Anne of Kiev are additionally said to have been the parents of the beatified figure Edigna.
2nd Marriage: Ralph IV of Valois
Her second husband was Count Raoul IV de Vexin (?-1074).[9] This marriage was controversial because of the couple's affinity (as Ralph was Henry's cousin), and it constituted bigamy, since Ralph was still technically married to his second wife, Haquenez.[1] Ralph was excommunicated for these transgressions.[1] King Philip's advisers may have encouraged him to turn away from his mother, perhaps mistrusting Ralph's influence.[9] Ralph began referring to himself as the king's stepfather in the late 1060s.[1] He died in 1074, leaving Anne a widow once again.[1]
Regent of France
Although Philip I of France (1052-1108) was crowned king at the age of seven,[10] until age fourteen (1066) his mother acted as regent, the first queen of France ever to do so. Baldwin V of Flanders also acted as co-regent.[11]
Children
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Philip I of France (1052-1108) | 23 May 1052 | 29 July 1108 Melun | Bertha van Holland (c1058-1094) Bertrade de Montfort (c1059-1117) |
| Hugh de Vermandois (1053-1101) | 1053 Meulan-en-Yvelines, France | 18 October 1101 Tarsus, Mersin, Turkey | Adelaide de Vermandois (1064-1120) |
| Emma Capet (1054-c1109) | 1054 | 1109 | |
| Robert Capet (c1055-c1060) | 1055 | 1060 | |
Siblings
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Ilya Yaroslavich of Novgorod (1018-c1034) | 1018 | 1034 | |
Ancestry Trees
The royal Russian ancestry of many European royals is traced the Ancestry of Princess Anne of Kiev, a Russian Princess who in the year 1061, married King Henry I of France.
- Charlemagne Family Ancestry - husband's ancestry
- Ancestry of Princess Anne of Kiev
- Rurik Family Ancestry
- Capetian dynasty
See Also
- wikipedia:en:Anne of Kiev
- Anne of Kiev at thePeerage
- Capetian Kings - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
- Anna of Kiev, Queen Consort of the Franks - Geni.com
- Anne of Kiev at Find A Grave
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Delorme, Philippe (2015). Anne de Kiev : épouse de Henri Ier. Paris: Pygmalion.
- ^ G. Duby, France in the Middle Ages, 987–1460, trans. J. Vale (Oxford, 1991), p. 117
- ^ a b Gregorovich, Andrew (2011). Anna Yaroslavna, Queen of France & Princess of Ukraine: Anne De Kiev. Toronto: Forum.
- ^ Raffensperger, pp. 94–97.
- ^ Bauthier, 550; Hallu,168, citing Comptes de Suger
- ^ Bradbury 2007, p. 111.
- ^ Gilbert of Mons 2005, p. 28.
- ^ Raffensperger 2012, p. 95.
- ^ a b Bogomoletz, Wladimir V (2005). "Anna of Kiev: An Enigmatic Capetian Queen of the Eleventh Century". French History 19 (3): 299–323. DOI:10.1093/fh/cri032.
- ^ Strickland 2016, p. 342.
- ^ Hallam 1980, p. 50-51.
Bibliography
- Template:Cite Q
- Bauthier, Robert-Henri. 'Anne de Kiev reine de France et la politique royale au Xe siècle', Revue des Etudes Slaves, vol.57 (1985), pp. 543–45
- Bogomoletz, Wladimir V. Anna of Kiev. An enigmatic Capetian Queen of the eleventh century. A reassessment of biographical sources. In: French History. Jg. 19, Nr. 3, 2005,
- Bouyer, Christian: Dictionnaire des Reines de France. Perrin, Paris 1992, ISBN 2-262-00789-6, S. 135–137.
- Dauxois, Jacqueline. Anne de Kiev. Reine de France. Paris: Presse de la Renaissance, 2003. ISBN 2-85616-887-6.
- de Caix de Saint-Aymour, Amédée. Anne de Russie, reine de France et comtesse de Valois au XIe siècle. Paris: Honoré Champion, 1896.
- Delorme, Philippe (2015). Anne De Kiev : Épouse de Henri Ier. Paris: Pygmalion. ISBN 978-2756414898.
- Hallu, Roger. Anne de Kiev, reine de France. Rome: Editiones Universitatis catholicae Ucrainorum, 1973.
- Horne, Alistair (2005). La belle France: A Short History. New York: Knopf. ISBN 9781400041404. https://archive.org/details/labellefrancesho00horn.
- Lawrence, Cynthia, ed (1997). Women and Art in Early Modern Europe: Patrons, Collectors, and Connoisseurs. Pennsylvania State University Press.
- Lobanov-Rostovskii, Aleksandr Iakovlevich (1825). Recueil de Pièces Historiques sur la reine Anne ou Agnès, épouse de Henri Ier, Roi De France, et Fille de Iarosslaf Ier, Grand Duc de Russie. Paris: Typ. De Firmin Didot, 1825.
- Megan McLaughlin, Sex, Gender, and Episcopal Authority in an Age of Reform, 1000–1122. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
- Raffensperger, Christian (2012). Reimagining Europe: Kievan Rus' in the Medieval World. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674065468.
- Raffensperger, Christian (2016). Ties of Kinship: Genealogy and Dynastic Marriage in Kyivan Rus'. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-1932650136.
- Sokol, Edward D.: Anna of Rus, Queen of France. In The New Review. A Journal of East European History. Nr. 13, 1973, S. 3–13.
- Treffer, Gerd: Die französischen Königinnen. Von Bertrada bis Marie Antoinette (8.–18. Jahrhundert). Pustet, Regensburg 1996, ISBN 3-7917-1530-5, S. 81–83.
- Ward, Emily Joan. "Anne of Kiev (c.1024-c.1075) and a reassessment of maternal power in the minority kingship of Philip I of France," published on 8 March 2016, Institute of Historical Research, London University.
- Woll, Carsten. Die Königinnen des hochmittelalterlichen Frankreich 987-1237/38 (= Historische Forschungen. Band 24). Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-515-08113-5, S. 109–116.
External links
French royalty
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| Vacant Title last held by Matilda of Frisia
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Queen consort of France 1051–1060 |
Vacant Title next held by Bertha of Holland
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Footnotes (including sources)
| ‡ General |
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