- Countess of Anjou
- Queen consort of France (1098-1102)
Bertrade with Philip
Bertrade de Montfort was born circa 1059 in Montfort, Normandy, France to Simon I de Montfort (c1030-1087) and Agnes d'Évreux (c1040-) and died 14 February 1117 Fontevraud, France of unspecified causes. She married Fulk IV, Count of Anjou (1043-1109) 1086 JL . She married Philip I of France (1052-1108) 15 May 1092 JL .
Bertrade de Montfort (c. 1070 – 14 February 1117) was Queen of France by her marriage to Philip I of France. Initially married to Fulk IV, Count of Anjou, she left him and married Philip. Later she founded a daughter house of Fontevraud Abbey at Haute-Bruyeres.
Life
She was the daughter of Simon I de Montfort[1] and Agnes of Evreux.[2] Her brother was Amaury de Montfort.
In 1089, Bertrade and Fulk, Count of Anjou were married,[1] and they became the parents of a son, Fulk. In 1092 she left her husband to live with King Philip I of France.[3] Philip married her on 15 May 1092, despite the fact that they both had spouses living. He was so enamoured of Bertrade that he refused to leave her even when threatened with excommunication. Pope Urban II did excommunicate him in 1095, and Philip was prevented from taking part in the First Crusade.
According to Orderic Vitalis, Bertrade was anxious that one of her sons succeed Philip, and sent a letter to King Henry I of England asking him to arrest her stepson Louis. Orderic also claims she sought to kill Louis, first through the arts of sorcery and then by poison. Whatever the truth of these allegations, Louis succeeded Philip in 1108. Bertrade took the veil at Fontevraud Abbey following Philip's death,[4] but moved to a daughter house, which she founded, at Hautes-Bruyeres by 1112.[5] She died in 1117.
Marriages and issue
1st Marriage: Fulk IV, Count of Anjou
Bertrade and Fulk IV, Count of Anjou, had:
- Fulk of Jerusalem, Count of Anjou and King of Jerusalem (1089/1092–1143)[6]
2nd Marriage: Philip I, King of France
He repudiated Bertha (claiming she was too fat) and married Bertrade on 15 May 1092.[7] In 1094 following the synod of Autun, he was excommunicated by the papal representative, Hugh of Die, for the first time;[7] after a long silence, Pope Urban II repeated the excommunication at the Council of Clermont in November 1095.[8] Several times the ban was lifted as Philip promised to part with Bertrade, but he always returned to her; in 1104 Philip made a public penance and must have kept his involvement with Bertrade discreet.[9] In France, the king was opposed by Bishop Ivo of Chartres, a famous jurist.[10]
Philip's children with Bertrade were:
- Philip, Count of Mantes (1093 – fl. 1123),[11] married Elizabeth, daughter of Guy III of Montlhéry[12]
- Fleury Capet (1093-1119). Seigneur of Nangis [13]
- Cecile Capet (?-1145), married Tancred, Prince of Galilee[14] and then, after his death, to Pons of Tripoli.[15]
Children
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Fulk I of Jerusalem (c1090-1143) | 1090 Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France | 1143 Acre | Ermengarde of Maine (-1126) Mélisende of Jerusalem (1105-1161) |
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Philippe Capet (?-?) | |||
| Fleury Capet (1093-1119) | 1093 | 1119 | Alice de Nangis |
| Cecile Capet (?-1145) | |||
Siblings
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Isabeau de Montfort (c1058-c1123) | 1058 | 1123 | Raoul III de Tosny (bef1030-1103) |
| Ève de Montfort (1053-) | 1053 | Guillaume I Crespin de Bec (1044-c1091) | |
| Amaury II de Montfort (1056-1089) | |||
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Richard de Montfort (c1066-1092) | |||
| Simon II de Montfort (c1068-1104) | |||
| Amaury III de Montfort (-1137) | 1137 | Agnès de Garlande (?-?) | |
| Guillaume de Montfort (-1101) | |||
| Amicie de Montfort | |||
| Bertrade de Montfort (c1059-1117) | 1059 Montfort, Normandy, France | 14 February 1117 Fontevraud, France | Fulk IV, Count of Anjou (1043-1109) Philip I of France (1052-1108) |
See Also
- Charlemagne Family Ancestry
- Capetian dynasty
- wikipedia:en:Bertrade of Montfort
- Bertrade of Montfort at thePeerage
- Capetian Kings - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
- Bertrade of Montfort - Geni.com
- Bertrade of Montfort at Find A Grave
- Blacker, Jean (1998). "Women, Power, and Violence in Orderic Vitalis's "Historia Ecclesiastica". In Roberts, Anna. Violence Against Women in Medieval Texts. University Press of Florida.
- Bradbury, Jim (2007). The Capetians: The History of a Dynasty. Bloomsbury Publishing.
- Hodgson, Natasha R. (2007). Women, Crusading and the Holy Land in Historical Narrative. The Boydell Press.
- Hollister, C. Warren (2001). Henry I. Yale University Press.
- McDougall, Sara (2017). Royal Bastards: The Birth of Illegitimacy, 800-1230. Oxford University Press.
- Mews, Constant J. (2006). "Negotiating the Boundaries of Gender in Religious Life: Robert of Arbrissel and Hersende, Abelard and Heloise". Viator 37. DOI:10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.3017481.
References
- ^ a b Blacker 1998, p. 46.
- ^ Mews 2006, p. 129.
- ^ Mews 2006, p. 132.
- ^ Mews 2006, p. 133.
- ^ Mews 2006, p. 135.
- ^ Hollister 2001, p. 226.
- ^ a b Bradbury 2007, p. 119.
- ^ Somerville 2011, p. 118.
- ^ d'Avray 2014, p. 47.
- ^ Rolker 2009, p. 16.
- ^ Power 2004, p. 85.
- ^ Bradbury 2007, p. 131.
- ^ McDougall 2017, p. 155.
- ^ McDougall 2017, p. 159.
- ^ Hodgson 2007, p. 217.
French royalty
| ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Bertha of Holland |
Queen consort of the Franks 1092–1108 |
Succeeded by Adelaide of Maurienne |
Footnotes (including sources)
| ‡ General |
| Ω Birth |
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| ₪2 Wedding 2 |
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| ¶ Death |
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