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Brunswick County, Virginia
Brunswick County Courthouse, Lawrenceville, (Brunswick County, Virginia)
Brunswick County Courthouse in Lawrenceville
Seal of Brunswick County, Virginia
Seal
Map of Virginia highlighting Brunswick County
Location in the state of Virginia
Map of the U.S
Virginia's location in the U.S.
Founded 1720
Named for Duchy of Brunswick-Lunenburg
Seat Lawrenceville
Largest town Lawrenceville
Area
 - Total
 - Land
 - Water

569 sq mi (1,474 km²)
566 sq mi (1,466 km²)
3.2 sq mi (8 km²), 0.6
Population
 - (2020)
 - Density

15,849
Congressional district 5th
Time zone Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Website www.brunswickco.com

Brunswick County is a United States county located on the southern border of the Commonwealth of Virginia. This rural county is known as one of the claimants to be the namesake of Brunswick stew. Brunswick County was created in 1720 from parts of Prince George, Surry and Isle of Wight counties. The county was named for the former Duchy of Brunswick-Lunenburg, which was a British possession in the 18th century. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 15,849.[1] The Brunswick county seat is Lawrenceville.[2]

History[]

The first English settlers, in what was to become Brunswick County, swarmed into the relatively protected lands near Fort Christanna during its 4 years of operation (1714–1718). Among them were indentured servants, including men deported from Scotland in 1716 after being convicted by the Crown in the Jacobite rising of 1715. They were required to work under indenture to pay the Crown back for their ship passage. Gradually the colonists pushed many of the Native Americans out of the area.

An example of such a Scots rebel who started in the colony as a convict was James Pittillo. He survived his indenture and in 1726 was granted 242 acres (1.0 km2) on Wagua Creek. He gradually became a major landowner in the area. He was appointed as a tobacco inspector in Bristol Parish in 1728 and that year served with William Byrd II on his spring and fall expeditions to survey the border between Virginia and North Carolina. Taking advantage of land grants due to headrights, for people whose passage he paid to the colony, and outright purchases, Pittillo ultimately owned more than 4,000 acres (16 km2) in the area of Prince George County, Brunswick, and Dinwiddie counties in Southside Virginia.

Brunswick County was established in 1720 from Prince George County. The county is named for the former Duchy of Brunswick-Lunenburg in Germany. One of the titles carried by Britain's Hanoverian kings was Duke of Brunswick-Lunenburg. In 1732 the county received more land from parts of Surry and Isle of Wight counties. Brunswick County reached the Blue Ridge Mountains until 1745, when increasing population in the region resulted in the formation of a series of new counties, and Brunswick's current western border was established.

In 1780, during the American Revolutionary War, Greensville County was formed from part of Brunswick's eastern side. In 1787 the county's eastern border was finalized with a minor adjustment.[3]

Today Brunswick County is bisected by Interstate 85, U.S. 1 and U.S. Highway 58. Planters originally cultivated the land for tobacco by slave labor in colonial times. As tobacco exhausted the soil and the markets changed, planters and smaller farmers diversified the mostly rural economy by raising mixed crops and harvesting lumber before the American Civil War. As a result of these changes, slaveholders in the Upper South had surplus slaves; many sold them in the domestic slave trade. It fed the development of cotton plantations in the Deep South. Altogether, more than one million enslaved African Americans were sold South in the antebellum years in this forced migration, which broke up many families.

Saint Paul's College, Virginia was established in this county in association with the Episcopal Church. In 1914 the school boasted that "The location of the school in the heart of the Black Belt of Virginia, with a Negro population of 100,000 almost at its very doors, is most favorable for the prosecution of uplift work."[4] St. Paul's closed its doors in 2013.

In the early 21st century, the county has a campus of Southside Virginia Community College. The Fort Pickett Army National Guard base is partly in the county.

Geography[]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 569 square miles (1,470 km2), of which 566 square miles (1,470 km2) is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2) (0.6%) is water.[5]

Adjacent counties[]

Major highways[]

  • I-85 I-85
  • US 1 US 1
  • US 58 US 58
  • Virginia 46 SR 46
  • Virginia 136 SR 136
  • Virginia 137 SR 137
  • Virginia 378 SR 378

Demographics[]

Historical populations
Census Pop.
1790 12,827
1800 16,339 27.4%
1810 15,411 −5.7%
1820 16,687 8.3%
1830 15,767 −5.5%
1840 14,346 −9.0%
1850 13,894 −3.2%
1860 14,809 6.6%
1870 13,427 −9.3%
1880 16,707 24.4%
1890 17,245 3.2%
1900 18,217 5.6%
1910 19,244 5.6%
1920 21,025 9.3%
1930 20,486 −2.6%
1940 19,575 −4.4%
1950 20,136 2.9%
1960 17,779 −11.7%
1970 16,172 −9.0%
1980 15,632 −3.3%
1990 15,987 2.3%
2000 18,419 15.2%
2010 17,434 −5.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1790–1960[7] 1900–1990[8]
1990–2000[9] 2010[10] 2020[11]

2020 census[]

Brunswick County, Virginia - Demographic Profile
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Race / Ethnicity Pop 2010[10] Pop 2020[11] % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 6,943 6,457 39.82% 40.74%
Black or African American alone (NH) 9,944 8,573 57.04% 54.09%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 35 23 0.20% 0.15%
Asian alone (NH) 47 42 0.27% 0.27%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 4 5 0.02% 0.03%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 9 29 0.05% 0.18%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) 154 333 0.88% 2.10%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 298 387 1.71% 2.44%
Total 17,434 15,849 100.00% 100.00%

Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

2010 Census[]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 17,434 people living in the county. 57.3% were Black or African American, 40.4% White, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% Native American, 0.8% of some other race and 0.9% of two or more races. 1.7% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race).

As of the census[12] of 2000, there were 18,419 people, 6,277 households, and 4,312 families living in the county. The population density was 32 people per square mile (13/km2). There were 7,541 housing units at an average density of 13 per square mile (5/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 41.99% White, 56.85% Black or African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.34% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. 1.25% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 6,277 households, out of which 27.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.90% were married couples living together, 16.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.30% were non-families. 27.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the county, the age distribution of the population shows 20.50% under the age of 18, 9.90% from 18 to 24, 30.70% from 25 to 44, 24.40% from 45 to 64, and 14.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 113.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 115.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,288, and the median income for a family was $38,354. Males had a median income of $26,924 versus $20,550 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,890. About 13.20% of families and 16.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.10% of those under age 18 and 19.50% of those age 65 or over.

Government[]

Board of Supervisors[]

  • Meherrin district: John Zubrod (I)
  • Powellton district: Chair Welton Tyler (I)
  • Red Oak district: Bernard L. Jones, Sr. (I)
  • Sturgeon district: Vice-Chair Dr. Alfonzo R. Seward (I)
  • Totaro district: Dr. Barbara Jarrett-Harris (I)

Constitutional officers[]

  • Clerk of the Circuit Court: Jacqueline Seward-Morgan (I)
  • Commissioner of the Revenue: Camilla Clayton-Bright
  • Commonwealth's Attorney: Lezlie S. Green (I)
  • Sheriff: Brian Roberts (V)
  • Treasurer: Jackie Mangrum (I)

Brunswick County is represented by Republican Frank M. Ruff, Jr. and Democrat L. Louise Lucas in the Virginia Senate, Republican Otto Wachsmann in the Virginia House of Delegates, and Republican Bob Good in the U.S. House of Representatives.

United States presidential election results for Brunswick County, Virginia[13]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 3,357 42.24% 4,552 57.27% 39 0.49%
2016 3,046 39.72% 4,481 58.43% 142 1.85%
2012 2,968 36.93% 4,994 62.14% 75 0.93%
2008 2,877 36.35% 4,973 62.84% 64 0.81%
2004 2,852 41.18% 4,062 58.65% 12 0.17%
2000 2,561 42.70% 3,387 56.48% 49 0.82%
1996 2,059 34.79% 3,442 58.16% 417 7.05%
1992 2,480 36.92% 3,687 54.88% 551 8.20%
1988 2,742 46.60% 3,070 52.18% 72 1.22%
1984 2,950 48.58% 3,040 50.06% 83 1.37%
1980 2,310 39.39% 3,430 58.49% 124 2.11%
1976 2,387 42.11% 3,071 54.18% 210 3.71%
1972 3,072 58.17% 2,130 40.33% 79 1.50%
1968 1,139 22.13% 1,910 37.11% 2,098 40.76%
1964 2,560 57.58% 1,883 42.35% 3 0.07%
1960 926 31.58% 1,942 66.23% 64 2.18%
1956 799 25.28% 1,357 42.94% 1,004 31.77%
1952 1,098 39.97% 1,635 59.52% 14 0.51%
1948 229 10.40% 1,067 48.46% 906 41.14%
1944 208 14.37% 1,239 85.63% 0 0.00%
1940 164 11.26% 1,288 88.46% 4 0.27%
1936 60 4.40% 1,303 95.46% 2 0.15%
1932 52 3.65% 1,361 95.58% 11 0.77%
1928 245 20.99% 922 79.01% 0 0.00%
1924 65 6.62% 887 90.33% 30 3.05%
1920 125 12.56% 866 87.04% 4 0.40%
1916 82 9.60% 772 90.40% 0 0.00%
1912 67 8.77% 643 84.16% 54 7.07%
1908 123 19.37% 507 79.84% 5 0.79%
1904 149 19.97% 593 79.49% 4 0.54%
1900 1,177 52.40% 1,064 47.37% 5 0.22%
1896 956 40.80% 1,372 58.56% 15 0.64%
1892 947 41.32% 1,049 45.77% 296 12.91%
1888 1,521 54.03% 1,289 45.79% 5 0.18%
1884 1,566 58.59% 1,107 41.41% 0 0.00%
1880 1,160 59.64% 785 40.36% 0 0.00%



County government[]

The Virginia Department of Corrections Brunswick Correctional Center was in an unincorporated area near Lawrenceville.[14]

Economy & Brunswick stew[]

Brunswick County is best known as the origin place for Brunswick stew. The original Brunswick stew, according to Brunswick County historians, was created in 1828 by an African-American chef, Mr. Jimmy Matthews, also referred to as "Uncle" by some locals. As the story goes, Dr. Creed Haskins of Mount Donum on the Nottoway River, a member of the Virginia State Legislature, took several friends on a hunting expedition. While the group hunted, Mr. Matthews, Haskin's enslaved camp cook, hunted squirrel for the evening meal. Mr. Matthews slowly stewed the squirrels in butter, with onions, stale bread and seasoning in a large iron pot. When the hunting party returned, they were reluctant to try the new, thick concoction, but one taste convinced them to ask for more.

Since that time, Brunswick stew has been prepared by many different "stew masters." It is often associated with the harvest season in the fall and completion of tobacco processing. Cooks produce large batches of the "Virginia ambrosia" for church functions, local fund raisers, family reunions, and political rallies. Each cook and generation adds its variations to Jimmy Matthews's recipe for Brunswick stew: chicken has been substituted for squirrel and vegetables have been added.

During 1987, the Brunswick Industrial Development Commission and a committee of the Brunswick Chamber of Commerce, with the aid of a professional advertising agency, began a program to develop balanced economic growth in Brunswick County. They decided to capitalize on the county's home-grown Brunswick stew as a brand. On February 22, 1988, at the State Capitol in Richmond, Brunswick County officially kicked off a campaign to increase awareness of its economic development opportunities. The Brunswick Chamber of Commerce and the County of Brunswick hosted a Brunswick Stew-Fest on the Capitol grounds to celebrate the General Assembly's passing of a resolution proclaiming Brunswick County, Virginia, as "The Original Home of Brunswick Stew". The proclamation contains a tongue-in-cheek jab at Brunswick, Georgia, which claims to have created the traditional Southern dish, setting off what has been coined as "The Stew Wars."

One of the many traditional recipes, which requires 6 to 7 hours to cook, was renamed Brunswick Proclamation Stew for the occasion. A good Brunswick stew must be cooked down slowly, according to stew masters for the Capitol Square event, "Until the stirring paddle stands up straight in the stew."[15] When the paddle stood, Brunswick stew was served to the legislators and hundreds of Virginians who turned out for the event to "Get a Taste of Brunswick."[15]

With the help of the Fearnow Brothers, the County got its own stew label, approved by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Their company also produces small quantities of canned Brunswick stew for the Chamber of Commerce to store and use. The cans bear the label "Virginia's Own – 1828-Brunswick County Stew".

A sample of Brunswick stew, along with information on the County's assets, was included in the County's promotional packages and sent to business and industry prospects. The stew and County are tied together with the campaign's theme: "Since 1828 when Ol’ Jimmy Matthews created Brunswick stew, we’ve been doing things a special way. A little slow, but right."[15]

Communities[]

Towns[]

Census-designated places[]

Unincorporated communities[]

  • Dolphin
  • Freeman
  • White Plains
  • Wyche

Notable people[]

  • Aaron Brown (1795–1859), Governor of Tennessee
  • Albertis Harrison (1907–1995) Governor of Virginia
  • George Jackson (1850–1900), American politician
  • Goronwy Owen (1723-1769) Welsh-American poet, Episcopalian Vicar, and cotton and tobacco plantation owner
  • Hon. Cleo Powell (1957- ), Justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia
  • Peter Starke (1813–1888), politician and Confederate general

See also[]

  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Brunswick County, Virginia

References[]

  1. ^ "Brunswick County, Virginia". https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US51025. Retrieved January 30, 2022. 
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx. 
  3. ^ "" + theTitle + "". http://historical-county.newberry.org/website/Virginia/viewer.htm. 
  4. ^ Margaret Jefferys Hobart, Then and now (1914) p 51.
  5. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html. 
  6. ^ "Census of Population and Housing from 1790-2000". US Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html. 
  7. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu. 
  8. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/va190090.txt. 
  9. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf. 
  10. ^ a b "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Brunswick County, Virginia". https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=0500000US51025&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2. 
  11. ^ a b "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Brunswick County, Virginia". https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=0500000US51025&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2. 
  12. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov. 
  13. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS. 
  14. ^ "Brunswick." Virginia Department of Corrections. Retrieved on October 7, 2018. "1147 Planters Road [...] Lawrenceville, VA 23868"
  15. ^ a b c "Brunswick Stew" campaign Archived July 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Brunswick County Chamber of Commerce

External links[]

Coordinates: 36°47′2″N 77°51′11″W / 36.78389, -77.85306


This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at Brunswick County, Virginia. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License.
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