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Cowley County, Kansas
Cowley County National Bank Building
Cowley County National Bank Building (2013)
Map of Kansas highlighting Cowley County
Location in the state of Kansas
Map of the U.S
Kansas's location in the U.S.
Founded February 26, 1867
Named for Matthew Cowley
Seat Winfield
Largest city Arkansas City
Area
 - Total
 - Land
 - Water

1,132 sq mi (2,932 km²)
1,126 sq mi (2,916 km²)
6.7 sq mi (17 km²), 0.6%
Population
 - (2020)
 - Density

34,549
Congressional district 4th
Time zone Central: UTC-6/-5

Cowley County (county code CL) is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 34,549.[1] Its county seat is Winfield,[2] and its most populous city is Arkansas City.

History[]

For millennia, the land now known as Kansas was inhabited by Native Americans. The first European visitor to Kansas was the Spanish explorer Francisco Vasquez de Coronado in 1541. In 1601, the Governor of New Mexico, Juan de Oñate, visited Etzanoa, a settlement of several thousand Wichita people near Arkansas City along the Walnut River. The ruins of Etzanoa have been found by archaeologists.

19th century[]

In 1803, most of modern Kansas was secured by the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase. In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. Cowley County was officially organized as a county, but reserved for the Osage Indians, by the Kansas Legislature in March 1867, originally named Hunter County for Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter (1809–1887), a Virginia Representative and Senator to Congress and Speaker of the House in the twenty-sixth Congress. In 1870, the county was renamed for Matthew Cowley, First Lieutenant in Company I, 9th Kansas Cavalry, who died at Little Rock, Arkansas, on October 7, 1864. Officially opened for settlement July 15, 1870, there was a lengthy and bitter disagreement between the towns of Winfield and Cresswell (the town now named Arkansas City) over the possession of the county seat of government. Finally settled after two special elections and numerous petitions to the Governor and Legislature, Winfield was determined to be the county seat and a courthouse was constructed in 1873 at a cost of $11,500.[3]

21st century[]

In 2010, the Keystone-Cushing Pipeline (Phase II) was constructed north to south through Cowley County. Controversy arose from the Kansas legislature's decision to grant the pipeline a ten-year exemption from property taxes; it was estimated that this would mean $15 million per year in lost revenue to the six counties through which the pipeline passed. The counties were unsuccessful in an attempt to eliminate the exemption.[4][5][6][7]

Geography[]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,132 square miles (2,930 km2), of which 1,126 square miles (2,920 km2) is land and 6.7 square miles (17 km2) (0.6%) is water.[8]

Adjacent counties[]

Demographics[]

Historical populations
Census Pop.
1860 158
1870 1,175 643.7%
1880 21,538 1,733.0%
1890 34,478 60.1%
1900 30,156 −12.5%
1910 31,790 5.4%
1920 35,155 10.6%
1930 40,903 16.4%
1940 38,139 −6.8%
1950 36,905 −3.2%
1960 37,861 2.6%
1970 35,012 −7.5%
1980 36,824 5.2%
1990 36,915 0.2%
2000 36,291 −1.7%
2010 36,311 0.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[9]
1790-1960[10] 1900-1990[11]
1990-2000[12] 2010-2020[1]
USA Cowley County, Kansas age pyramid

Population pyramid

Cowley County comprises the Arkansas City-Winfield, KS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Wichita-Arkansas City-Winfield, KS Combined Statistical Area.

As of the U.S. Census in 2000,[13] there were 36,291 people, 14,039 households, and 9,616 families residing in the county. The population density was 32 people per square mile (12/km2). There were 15,673 housing units at an average density of 14 per square mile (5/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 90.13% White, 2.70% Black or African American, 1.96% Native American, 1.53% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 1.36% from other races, and 2.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.59% of the population.

There were 14,039 households, out of which 32.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.20% were married couples living together, 9.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.50% were non-families. 27.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.00% under the age of 18, 9.90% from 18 to 24, 26.00% from 25 to 44, 22.20% from 45 to 64, and 15.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,406, and the median income for a family was $43,636. Males had a median income of $31,703 versus $21,341 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,509. About 9.20% of families and 12.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.00% of those under age 18 and 11.20% of those age 65 or over.

Government[]

Presidential elections[]

United States presidential election results for Cowley County, Kansas[14]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 9,656 67.85% 4,273 30.03% 302 2.12%
2016 8,270 65.53% 3,551 28.14% 800 6.34%
2012 8,081 63.58% 4,319 33.98% 310 2.44%
2008 8,492 61.59% 5,012 36.35% 283 2.05%
2004 9,407 65.11% 4,818 33.35% 222 1.54%
2000 8,080 56.86% 5,535 38.95% 595 4.19%
1996 7,872 50.79% 5,588 36.05% 2,039 13.16%
1992 5,422 34.35% 5,405 34.24% 4,957 31.41%
1988 7,778 54.44% 6,186 43.30% 322 2.25%
1984 10,008 64.99% 5,193 33.72% 198 1.29%
1980 8,749 57.14% 5,474 35.75% 1,089 7.11%
1976 7,513 50.32% 7,095 47.52% 323 2.16%
1972 10,332 70.51% 3,592 24.51% 729 4.98%
1968 8,070 54.30% 5,014 33.74% 1,777 11.96%
1964 7,092 47.93% 7,591 51.30% 114 0.77%
1960 10,276 61.98% 6,205 37.42% 99 0.60%
1956 6,734 63.93% 3,753 35.63% 46 0.44%
1952 11,454 68.13% 5,242 31.18% 116 0.69%
1948 8,102 52.13% 7,042 45.31% 397 2.55%
1944 8,453 55.91% 6,577 43.50% 90 0.60%
1940 9,684 53.99% 8,115 45.25% 136 0.76%
1936 8,378 43.51% 10,805 56.12% 72 0.37%
1932 7,657 44.71% 8,681 50.69% 788 4.60%
1928 12,701 80.79% 2,818 17.93% 202 1.28%
1924 8,529 58.51% 3,161 21.68% 2,887 19.81%
1920 7,352 59.22% 4,733 38.13% 329 2.65%
1916 5,297 43.87% 5,962 49.37% 816 6.76%
1912 1,113 15.75% 2,539 35.93% 3,414 48.32%
1908 2,578 42.42% 2,995 49.28% 505 8.31%
1904 3,961 61.33% 1,456 22.54% 1,042 16.13%
1900 3,679 50.47% 3,436 47.14% 174 2.39%
1896 2,871 45.14% 3,410 53.62% 79 1.24%
1892 3,886 49.13% 0 0.00% 4,023 50.87%
1888 4,112 53.41% 1,933 25.11% 1,654 21.48%
1884 3,767 57.74% 2,332 35.74% 425 6.51%
1880 2,630 60.09% 1,557 35.57% 190 4.34%



Laws[]

Following amendment to the Kansas Constitution in 1986, the county remained a prohibition, or "dry", county until 1996, when voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink without a food sales requirement.[15]

The county voted "No" on the 2022 Kansas Value Them Both Amendment, an anti-abortion ballot measure, by 52% to 48% despite backing Donald Trump with 68% of the vote to Joe Biden's 30% in the 2020 presidential election.[16]

Education[]

Colleges[]

  • Cowley College
  • Southwestern College
  • St. John's College (closed in 1986)

Unified school districts[]

  • Central USD 462
  • Udall USD 463
  • Winfield USD 465
  • Arkansas City USD 470
  • Dexter USD 471

Communities[]

Map of Cowley Co, Ks, USA

2005 KDOT Map of Cowley County (map legend)

Cities[]

Unincorporated communities[]

  • Akron
  • Albright
  • Box
  • Cameron City
  • Dale (Seely)
  • Eaton
  • Eschs
  • Floral
  • Glengrouse
  • Grand Summit
  • Hackney
  • Hooser
  • Kellogg
  • Maple City
  • Moxham
  • New Salem
  • Otto
  • Pleasant Valley
  • Rainbow Bend
  • Redbud
  • Rock
  • Silverdale
  • Taussig
  • Tisdale
  • Vinton
  • Wilmot

Townships[]

Cowley County is divided into twenty-five townships. The cities of Arkansas City and Winfield are considered governmentally independent and are excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

Township FIPS Population
center
Population Population
density
/km2 (/sq mi)
Land area
km2 (sq mi)
Water area
km2 (sq mi)
Water % Geographic coordinates
Beaver 05025 244 3 (7) 92 (36) 2 (1) 1.91% 37°10′42″N 97°5′26″W / 37.17833, -97.09056
Bolton 07875 1,754 13 (33) 136 (53) 2 (1) 1.59% 37°3′1″N 97°4′0″W / 37.05028, -97.066667
Cedar 11250 44 0 (1) 119 (46) 1 (0) 0.45% 37°5′9″N 96°36′27″W / 37.08583, -96.6075
Creswell 16375 2,098 22 (56) 97 (38) 2 (1) 2.07% 37°4′42″N 97°1′3″W / 37.07833, -97.0175
Dexter 17950 506 3 (7) 185 (71) 0 (0) 0.19% 37°11′56″N 96°42′27″W / 37.19889, -96.7075
Fairview 22475 203 2 (6) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.29% 37°21′22″N 96°58′50″W / 37.35611, -96.98056
Grant 27550 76 1 (2) 116 (45) 0 (0) 0.09% 37°3′49″N 96°41′3″W / 37.06361, -96.68417
Harvey 30525 117 1 (2) 162 (63) 0 (0) 0.24% 37°26′47″N 96°37′58″W / 37.44639, -96.63278
Liberty 39950 218 2 (5) 124 (48) 0 (0) 0.02% 37°9′3″N 96°50′31″W / 37.15083, -96.84194
Maple 44450 702 8 (20) 91 (35) 0 (0) 0% 37°25′59″N 97°6′7″W / 37.43306, -97.10194
Ninnescah 50625 1,114 12 (31) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.09% 37°21′59″N 97°6′21″W / 37.36639, -97.10583
Omnia 52850 357 4 (10) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.22% 37°26′13″N 96°46′25″W / 37.43694, -96.77361
Otter 53625 54 0 (1) 135 (52) 1 (0) 0.68% 37°11′25″N 96°33′0″W / 37.19028, -96.55
Pleasant Valley 56500 838 7 (18) 117 (45) 0 (0) 0.05% 37°9′45″N 97°0′0″W / 37.1625, -97
Richland 59275 178 2 (4) 108 (42) 0 (0) 0% 37°25′33″N 96°52′50″W / 37.42583, -96.88056
Rock Creek 60525 243 3 (7) 92 (35) 1 (0) 0.55% 37°26′5″N 96°59′25″W / 37.43472, -96.99028
Salem 62625 364 5 (14) 66 (26) 0 (0) 0.27% 37°20′9″N 96°53′20″W / 37.33583, -96.88889
Sheridan 64650 159 2 (4) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.01% 37°15′44″N 96°45′51″W / 37.26222, -96.76417
Silver Creek 65500 770 8 (21) 93 (36) 0 (0) 0.27% 37°20′8″N 96°45′41″W / 37.33556, -96.76139
Silverdale 65575 Silverdale 327 2 (6) 136 (53) 0 (0) 0.31% 37°3′55″N 96°52′56″W / 37.06528, -96.88222
Spring Creek 67400 77 1 (2) 115 (45) 0 (0) 0.26% 37°4′31″N 96°47′10″W / 37.07528, -96.78611
Tisdale 70725 340 4 (11) 78 (30) 0 (0) 0.13% 37°16′6″N 96°52′25″W / 37.26833, -96.87361
Vernon 73575 502 5 (13) 102 (39) 1 (0) 0.67% 37°15′25″N 97°5′18″W / 37.25694, -97.08833
Walnut 74925 626 7 (18) 89 (34) 0 (0) 0.18% 37°15′17″N 96°57′27″W / 37.25472, -96.9575
Windsor 79875 211 1 (2) 243 (94) 0 (0) 0.18% 37°19′13″N 96°38′22″W / 37.32028, -96.63944
Sources: "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files". U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/places2k.html. 

Notable people[]

See List of people from Cowley County, Kansas

General Dean Coldwell Strother was a United States Air Force four-star general who served as U.S. Military Representative, NATO Military Committee (USMILREP), from 1962 to 1965; and as Commander in Chief, North American Air Defense Command/Commander in Chief, Continental Air Defense Command (CINCNORAD/CINCONAD), from 1965 to 1966.

Robert Docking was a successful banker and mayor of Arkansas City before he became the 38th Governor of Kansas.

Several college football head coaches have passed through Winfield that have gone on to become widely recognized. Jerry Kill is the current head coach for the Minnesota Golden Gophers—he played for the Southwestern Moundbuilders under Dennis Franchione when he was head coach. Jack Mitchell went on to coach several schools including the Kansas Jayhawks. Former head coach and for the Oklahoma Sooners and College Football Hall of Fame member Bennie Owen was born in Arkansas City.

Perhaps the most famous resident of Cowley County is the fictional character Mary Ann Summers from the television show Gilligan's Island. It is said on the show that she is "employed at the Winfield General Store."

See also[]

  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Cowley County, Kansas

Information on this and other counties in Kansas

Other information for Kansas


References[]

  1. ^ a b "QuickFacts; Cowley County, Kansas; Population, Census, 2020 & 2010". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/cowleycountykansas/POP010220. 
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx. 
  3. ^ "William G. Cutler's, History of the State of Kansas". A. T. Andreas Press, 1883. http://www.kancoll.org/cutler/. 
  4. ^ Davis, Dakotah. "Commissioners green light pipeline, sort of". Archived 2016-06-03 at the Wayback Machine NewsCow.net. Archived 2016-05-03 at the Wayback Machine May 19, 2010. Retrieved May 1, 2016.
  5. ^ "Counties to seek denial of pipeline tax exemption". Clay Center Dispatch. November 5, 2009. Archived December 16, 2009.
  6. ^ "Court upholds pipeline tax exemption". Topeka Capital-Journal. May 18, 2012. Retrieved May 1, 2016.
  7. ^ Milburn, John. "Kansas appeals court upholds Keystone pipeline tax ruling". Kansas City Star. April 26, 2013. Retrieved May 1, 2016.
  8. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html. 
  9. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html. 
  10. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu. 
  11. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ks190090.txt. 
  12. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf. 
  13. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov. 
  14. ^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS. 
  15. ^ "Map of Wet and Dry Counties". Alcoholic Beverage Control, Kansas Department of Revenue. November 2006. http://www.ksrevenue.org/abcwetdrymap.htm. 
  16. ^ Panetta, Grace (August 3, 2022). "14 of the 19 Kansas counties that rejected an anti-abortion amendment voted for Trump in 2020". Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/14-out-19-counties-that-rejected-kansas-anti-abortion-measure-backed-trump-2022-8. Retrieved August 3, 2022. 
Notes

Further reading[]

Template:Kansas books

External links[]

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