Biography
Baron Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth was born 8 July 1849 in Greater London, England, United Kingdom to Dudley Coutts Marjoribanks (1820-1894) and Isabella Weir Hogg (1827-1908) and died 15 September 1909 County Dublin, Ireland, United Kingdom of unspecified causes. He married Fanny Octavia Louise Spencer-Churchill (1853-1904) 9 June 1873 in Greater London, England.
Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth, KT, PC (8 July 1849 – 15 September 1909), was a moderate[1] British Liberal Party statesman who sat in the House of Commons from 1880 until 1894 when he inherited his peerage and then sat in the House of Lords. He served in various capacities in the Liberal governments of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Baron Tweedmouth
Baron Tweedmouth, of Edington in the County of Berwick, was a title in the Peerage of England.[2] It was created in 1881 for the businessman and Liberal politician [[ Dudley Coutts Marjoribanks (1820-1894)|Sir Dudley Marjoribanks, 1st Baronet]]. He had already been created a baronet, of Guisachan in Beaulieu in the County of Inverness, in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom 1866.[3] He was succeeded by his son, the second Baron. He was also a Liberal politician and notably served as First Lord of the Admiralty between 1905 and 1908. The title became extinct on the death of his son, the third Baron, in 1935.
Edward Tweedmouth was the son of Dudley Coutts Marjoribanks (1820-1894), 1st Baron Tweedmouth, and Isabella, daughter of Sir James Hogg, 1st Baronet.[4] Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair, was his sister. He is descended from Joseph Marjoribanks, a wine and fish merchant in Edinburgh who died in 1635 and is thought to have been the grandson of Thomas Marjoribanks of Ratho,[5] head of the lowland Clan Marjoribanks.[6] He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, but expelled in 1870 following a prank involving that led to the damage of college sculptures.[7]
Political career
Tweedmouth
Tweedmouth was returned to Parliament for Berwickshire in 1880, a seat he held until 1894.[8] The seat had been held earlier in the century by his great-uncle, Sir John Marjoribanks, 1st Baronet and cousin, Charles Albany Marjoribanks.
He served under William Ewart Gladstone as Comptroller of the Household in between February and July 1886[9] and was sworn of the Privy Council the same year.[10] When the Liberals returned to power under Gladstone in 1892, he was made Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury (chief whip).[11] He succeeded his father in the barony in March 1894, only a few days before Gladstone resigned and Lord Rosebery became Prime Minister. Rosebery appointed Tweedmouth Lord Privy Seal,[12] with a seat in the cabinet, and in May 1894 he also became Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. He retained these posts until the government fell in 1895.[11]
After ten years in opposition, the Liberals again came to power in December 1905 under Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, who appointed Tweedmouth First Lord of the Admiralty,[13] with a seat in the cabinet. In early 1908 he was criticised for corresponding with German emperor William II on the British naval programme. The matter was referred to the House of Commons. Chancellor of the Exchequer H. H. Asquith eventually stated that the correspondence was "a purely personal and private communication, conceived in an entirely friendly spirit" and no action was taken.[14] However, when Asquith succeeded Campbell-Bannerman as Prime Minister in April 1908 Tweedmouth was removed as head of the Admiralty and became Lord President of the Council.[11] He suffered a nervous breakdown in June 1908, a condition which was said to partly explain his indiscretion in communicating with the German Emperor on naval matters. Although his health later recovered, he resigned in October 1908.[15] He was made a Knight of the Thistle in 1908.[16]
An advocate of worker's rights[17] and social legislation,[18][19][20] Tweedmouth was supportive of the Liberal Party's alliance with the Labour Party in the lead-up to the 1906 General Election, believing that the Liberals could not win without it, and regarded as "humbug" the view that such an alliance meant class legislation.[21]
He died on 15 September 1909.[14]
The Rocking Chair Ranche
From 1883 until 1896, he was an owner of and investor in Rocking Chair Ranche located in Collingsworth County, Texas, along with his father, The 1st Baron Tweedmouth, and his brother-in-law, The 7th Earl of Aberdeen.[22]
Family
Lord Tweedmouth married Lady Fanny Octavia Louise (1853–1904), daughter of John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough and aunt of Sir Winston Churchill, in 1873. She reportedly died from cancer in August 1904, aged 51 "at Lord Tweedmouth's Glen Affric shooting lodge". They had a son and heir; Dudley, 3rd Baron Tweedmouth (1874–1935).[23][24]
Lord Tweedmouth survived his wife by five years and died in September 1909, aged 60. He was succeeded in the barony by his son, Dudley.[4]
Children
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Dudley Churchill Marjoribanks (1874-1935) | 2 March 1874 Greater London, England, United Kingdom | 23 April 1935 Greater London, England, United Kingdom | Muriel Brodrick (1881-1966) |
Siblings
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Edward Marjoribanks (1849-1909) | 8 July 1849 Greater London, England, United Kingdom | 15 September 1909 County Dublin, Ireland, United Kingdom | Fanny Octavia Louise Spencer-Churchill (1853-1904) |
| Mary Georgiana Marjoribanks (1850-1899) | |||
| Stewart Marjoribanks (1852-1864) | |||
| Annie Grizel Marjoribanks (1854-1856) | |||
| Ishbel Maria Marjoribanks (1857-1939) | |||
| Coutts Marjoribanks (1860-1924) | 6 December 1860 Greater London, England, United Kingdom | 31 October 1924 Coldstream, British Columbia, Canada | Agnes Margaret Kinlock (1859-) |
| Archibald John Marjoribanks (1861-1900) | |||
Residences
See also
- Edward Marjoribanks
- Marjoribanks in Greater London
- wikipedia:en:Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth
- Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth at thePeerage
- Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth at Genealogics
- International Churchill Society -
- British nobility
- This profile prepared courtesy of World of Scouting Members, helping to preserve our shared heritage.
Notes
- ^ Williams, Rhodri (1 January 1991). Defending the Empire: The Conservative Party and British Defence Policy, 1899-1915. Yale University Press. ISBN 0300050488. https://books.google.com/books?id=zrdjEV9zY5MC&q=tweedmouth+moderate&pg=PA80. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
- ^ No. 25021". The London Gazette. 30 September 1881. p. 4891
- ^ No. 23135". The London Gazette. 10 July 1866. p. 3927.
- ^ a b "Person Page". http://www.thepeerage.com/p10633.htm. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
- ^ Marjoribanks, Roger. "Marjoribanks of Lees", The Marjoribanks Journal Number 3, page 14, June 1995. Accessed on 22 May 2010
- ^ Clan Marjoribanks web site accessed 29 April 2010.
- ^ Curthoys, Judith. "Practical joke, or wanton vandalism? The Library Statues Row - May 1870". Christ Church, Oxford University. https://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/blog/practical-joke-or-wanton-vandalism-library-statues-row-may-1870. Retrieved 2 May 2019.
- ^ "House of Commons: Bedford to Berwick upon Tweed". leighrayment.com. http://www.leighrayment.com/commons/Bcommons2.htm. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ No. 25558". The London Gazette. 12 February 1886. p. 682.
- ^ "Privy Counsellors: 1836–1914". leighrayment.com. http://www.leighrayment.com/pcouncil/pcouncil2.htm. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ a b c "Peerage: Tiberris to Tyrrell". leighrayment.com. http://www.leighrayment.com/peers/peersT2.htm. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ No. 26496". The London Gazette. 20 March 1894. p. 1661.
- ^ No. 27866". The London Gazette. 22 December 1905. p. 9172.
- ^ a b "Lord Tweedmouth Dead". The New York Times. 16 September 1909. https://www.nytimes.com/1909/09/16/archives/lord-tweedmouth-dead-his-correspondence-with-german-emperor-caused.html.
- ^ "LORD TWEEDMOUTH RESIGNS.; Quits Presidency of the Council, but His Mental Condition Is Improved.". 29 September 1908. https://www.nytimes.com/1908/09/29/archives/lord-tweedmouth-resigns-quits-presidency-of-the-council-but-his.html. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
- ^ "Knights of the Thistle". leighrayment.com. http://www.leighrayment.com/orders/thistle.htm. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ Brown, Tony; Corns, Thomas N. (21 August 2013). Edward Carpenter and Late Victorian Radicalism. Routledge. ISBN 9781134728213. https://books.google.com/books?id=ucd_AAAAQBAJ&q=Lord+Tweedmouth+eighty+club+speech+working+class&pg=PT72. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
- ^ "WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION BILL [H.L. (Hansard, 9 May 1905)"]. http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1905/may/09/workmens-compensation-bill-hl#S4V0145P0_19050509_HOL_105. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
- ^ "THE HOUSING PROBLEM — GOVERNMENT POLICY. (Hansard, 8 March 1901)". http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1901/mar/08/the-housing-problem-government-policy#S4V0090P0_19010308_HOL_53. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
- ^ "FACTORY AND WORKSHOP ACT (1901) AMENDMENT BILL [H.L. (Hansard, 13 March 1902)"]. http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1902/mar/13/factory-and-workshop-act-1901-amendment#S4V0104P0_19020313_HOL_31. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
- ^ Strong-Boag, Veronica (1 January 2015). Liberal Hearts and Coronets: The Lives and Times of Ishbel Marjoribanks Gordon and John Campbell Gordon, the Aberdeens. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9781442626027. https://books.google.com/books?id=p9fTBgAAQBAJ&q=Lord+Tweedmouth+working+class&pg=PA167. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
- ^ Allen, Anderson H. (15 June 2010). "ROCKING CHAIR RANCH". https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/apr01. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
- ^ "DEATH OF LADY TWEED MOUTH Lady Tweedmouth died last night at Lord Tweedmouth's shooting lodge, Glen Affric, in Strathglass, Inverness-shire.". Edinburgh Evening News Midlothian, Scotland. 6 August 1904. http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=lady%20tweedmouth%20glen%20affric%20lodge%20shooting&from=1875&to=1949. Retrieved 13 January 2014. "DEATH OF LADY TWEED MOUTH Lady Tweed mouth died last night at Lord Tweedmouth's shooting lodge in Strathglass, Inverness-shire. Lady Fanny Occavia Louisa Spencer-Churchill was married to Lord Tweedmouth in 1873. She was the third daughter of the seventh Duke of....."
- ^ McCall, Alison (6 April 2016). "Fanny Octavia Louisa Spencer-Churchill". http://womenofscotland.org.uk/women/fanny-octavia-louisa-spencer-churchill. Retrieved 29 January 2017. "She died of cancer in 1904"
Footnotes (including sources)
Vital Records
Scotland Gravesite
- Location : Chirnside Parish Churchyard, Chirnside, Scottish Borders, Scotland
- PLOT against West wall of kirk, facing Kirkgate entrance
- Edward Marjoribanks at Find A Grave
External links
"Marjoribanks, Edward". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885–1900. London: Smith, Elder & Co.- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth
- Portraits of Edward Marjoribanks at the National Portrait Gallery, London
- Photograph of Lord Tweedmouth at vandaprints.com
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Hon. Robert Baillie-Hamilton |
Member of Parliament for Berwickshire 1880–1894 |
Succeeded by Harold Tennant |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by Lord Arthur Hill |
Comptroller of the Household 1886 |
Succeeded by Lord Arthur Hill |
| Preceded by Aretas Akers-Douglas |
Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury 1892–1894 |
Succeeded by Thomas Edward Ellis |
| Preceded by William Ewart Gladstone |
Lord Privy Seal 1894–1895 |
Succeeded by The Viscount Cross |
| Preceded by James Bryce |
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1894–1895 |
Succeeded by The Lord James of Hereford |
| Preceded by The Earl Cawdor |
First Lord of the Admiralty 1905–1908 |
Succeeded by Reginald McKenna |
| Preceded by The Earl of Crewe |
Lord President of the Council 1908 |
Succeeded by The Viscount Wolverhampton |
| Peerage of the United Kingdom | ||
| Preceded by Dudley Coutts Marjoribanks |
Baron Tweedmouth 1894–1909 |
Succeeded by Dudley Churchill Marjoribanks |