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Town of Fishers
—  city  —
Fishers-in-town-hall
Fishers town hall
Hamilton County Indiana Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Fishers Highlighted
Location in the state of Indiana
Coordinates: 39°57′22″N 86°0′46″W / 39.95611, -86.01278Coordinates: 39°57′22″N 86°0′46″W / 39.95611, -86.01278
Country United States
State Indiana
County Hamilton
Township Fall Creek, Delaware
Government
 • Type Council-Manager
Area[1]
 • Total 35.84 sq mi (92.83 km2)
 • Land 33.59 sq mi (87.00 km2)
 • Water 2.25 sq mi (5.83 km2)
Elevation 817 ft (249 m)
Population (2010)[2]
 • Total 76,794
 • Estimate (2012[3]) 81,833
 • Density 2,286.2/sq mi (882.7/km2)
Time zone EST (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 46038, 46037, 46040
Area code(s) 317
FIPS code 18-23278[4]
GNIS feature ID 0434526[5]
Website http://www.fishers.in.us

Fishers is a town located in Fall Creek and Delaware townships, Hamilton County, Indiana, United States, with a population of 76,794, according to the 2010 census.[6] A suburb of Indianapolis, Fishers has grown rapidly in recent decades: about 350 people lived there in 1963, 2,000 in 1980, and only 7,200 as recently as 1990. In 2011, Fishers was named the number one city for families by The Learning Channel and was selected as a Green Community by the Indiana Association of Cities and Towns.[7] The town was named the safest city in the nation in 2011, and again in 2012.[8] In 2010, Fishers was ranked eighth in the best places to live according to Money,[9] America's best affordable suburb by BusinessWeek,[10] and the eleventh best place to move in the country by Forbes.[7] Fishers was also ranked the 24th best place to live in America by Money magazine in 2005,[11] 33rd in 2006,[12] 10th in 2008, and 12th in 2012.[13]

After the passage of a referendum on Fishers's status in 2012, Fishers will transition from a town to a city after the next municipal election.

History[]

19th century[]

In 1802 William Conner settled what is now present-day Fishers, Indiana. Conner built a log cabin and a trading post along the White River (Indiana).[14] The land that Conner settled is now known as Conner Prairie and is one of the nation's most respected living history museums.[15]

Conner-prairie-original-house

Conner House at Conner Prairie

Settlers started moving to the area after Indiana became a state in 1816 and the Delaware Indians gave up their claims in Indiana and Ohio to the United States government in 1818 in the Treaty of St. Mary's. In 1823, Hamilton County was chartered by the Indiana General Assembly and Delaware Township was established and surveyed.[16] After the state of Indiana moved its capital to Indianapolis from Corydon in 1825, the community started to grow. After the move, John Finch established a horse-powered grinding mill, a blacksmith shop, and the area's first school.[16] The next year the area’s first water mill was constructed.[16]

During 1826 the Ambassador House was built near the White River, at the modern-day corner of 106th Street and Eller Road.[17] It was later acquired by Addison and India Harris, who was appointed ambassador to the Austro-Hungarian Empire by U.S. President William McKinley.[18] Today, Ambassador House sits on the grounds of Fishers' Heritage Park at White River, and plans for its restoration are being developed by Fishers' Historic Preservation Committee.[19]

In 1849, construction began on the Peru & Indianapolis Railroad, extending from Indianapolis to Chicago.[20] This railroad brought several people to the area then known as Fisher's Switch. In 1872, Fisher's Switch, also known as Fishers Station, was platted by Salathial Fisher at the present-day intersection of 116th Street and the railroad.[15] Indiana's General Assembly incorporated Fisher's Station in 1891.[16]

20th century[]

In 1908 the post office changed the name of Fishers Switch to Fishers by dropping "Switch."[16]

After William Conner’s death in 1885, his family farm became a place of interest. The Hamilton County Historical Society placed a marker on the site of the William Conner farm in 1927.[16] Eli Lilly, then head of Eli Lilly and Company, purchased William Conner's farm in 1934 and began restoring the farm. In 1964, Lilly asked Earlham College to oversee the Conner farm, now known as Conner Prairie.[21]

In 1943, the Indianapolis Water Company constructed Geist Reservoir in order to prevent a deficit in Indianapolis's water supply. They believed that Fall Creek (Indiana) and the White River (Indiana) would not keep up with the demand for water in Indianapolis. In the 1970s, the company wanted to triple the size of the lake, but the plan was rejected in 1978 and homes began to spring up around the reservoir.[22]

The Fishers population grew slowly to 388 by the 1960 census when rail shipment declined. Per township referendums in 1961, the town provided planning services for Delaware and Fall Creek Townships and approved residential zoning for most of the undeveloped area in the two townships.[16]

The relocation of Indiana State Road 37 to the east side of town and the connection with Interstate 69 ensured the future growth of Fishers as a commercial and residential center.[16] The Town of Fishers would soon become a fast growing suburb of Indianapolis. Fall Creek Township became the site of a consolidation of area schools when Hamilton Southeastern High School was formed in the 1960s.[16] In 1989 the town’s population reached 7,000 and the first Freedom Festival was held. Every year since the town has held a freedom festival.

The Thomas A. Weaver Municipal Complex opened as Fishers' civic and government center in 1992. The complex is home to the Fishers Town Hall, the police and fire department headquarters buildings, the Fishers Post Office, the Hamilton County Convention and Visitor's Bureau, and the Fishers Chamber of Commerce. Eventually, a library and an office of the Indiana Bureau of Motor Vehicles were added. This is still the center of government in Fishers.[16]

21st century[]

The 2000 census reported the population of Fishers at almost 38,000.[23] With the town’s affordable homes, growing economy, and proximity to the booming city of Indianapolis and Interstate 69 the growth in Fishers was tremendous. In 2003 the town of Fishers requested a special census from the U.S. Census Bureau to accurately measure the rapid population growth since 2000.[16] This census would put the town's population at 52,390, which is a 38 percent increase from the 2000 census.[16] Since then much of the government's resources have been devoted to building parks, maintaining roads, and managing the rapid growth of the town.

In 2005, after a controversy over alleged mismanagement, Conner Prairie formally split from Earlham College, becoming an independent corporation.[24]

In July 2005, Money Magazine unveiled its annual ranking of Best Places to Live in the United States and rated Fishers as twenty-fourth best. Fishers ranked higher than any town or city in Indiana, and was one of only two jurisdictions in the state to crack the magazine's Top 100.[16] Since then Fishers has won numerous awards including Best Affordable Suburb by BusinessWeek Magazine (2007), Best Place in the Country to Raise a Family by Forbes Magazine (2008), and Best Place to Raise Kids by BusinessWeek.com (2010).[16]

In January 2009, the Geist United Opposition conceded a four-year legal battle with Fishers over the involuntary annexation of the contiguous, unincorporated area around Geist Reservoir. This allowed Fishers to annex and incorporate this area of 2,200 homes on January 2, 2010, and to begin taxing it in 2011. This increased Fishers population by about 5,500 people, making the town the eighth-largest community in Indiana.[25]

In 2012, Fishers constructed a multipurpose trail in the downtown district and an amphitheater in the Thomas A. Weaver Municipal Complex.[26] That November, the town announced the details of a major development project in the heart of downtown. The $33 million pedestrian oriented, mixed-use development on the north side of 116th Street, just west of Municipal Drive, broke ground in mid-2013 and is scheduled to be completed in 2015.[27]

City controversy[]

In 1998, a referendum to change Fishers from a town to a city was rejected by 75% of the town's voters.[28]

In 2008 a group named CityYes began collecting petition signatures for a voter referendum on the question of whether or not to become a city.[29][30] The town appointed a 44 member citizen study committee to review the benefits and drawbacks of a change of government type.[31]

In December 2010, the Fishers Town Council approved two referendum questions: whether or not to become a city, and whether or not to become a traditional city with an elected mayor and traditional city council or a modified city with a mayor elected by and from the expanded nine-member city council. The latter would have also merged the governments of Fishers and Fall Creek Township.[32][33] In the referendum held November 6, 2012, voters rejected the merger with Fall Creek Township to become a modified city with an appointed mayor 62% to 37%, while approving a change to a traditional second-class city with an elected mayor 55% to 44%.[34]

Law and government[]

Fishers,IN-flag

Flag of the Town of Fishers, IN

Despite being a large municipality, Fishers, unlike nearby Noblesville and Carmel, doesn't have a mayor and city council. Fishers instead uses the council-manager government. The government of Fishers is led by a seven-member town council and a clerk-treasurer. The town council holds both legislative and executive powers while the clerk-treasurer is responsible for financial matters. All are elected at-large for four-year terms. The council elects a council president, currently John Weingardt, and vice president yearly. The council employs and oversees a town manager who is responsible for municipal personnel, budget, and day-to-day operations of the town government. Currently the town manager of Fishers is Scott Fadness.

Due to the changes approved in the November 2012 referendum, the town will become a second-class city, with an elected mayor and city clerk and nine members of its city council.[35] These changes will go into effect on January 1, 2015, following the election of the new officers in the 2014 general election.[36]

Demographics[]

Historical populations
Census Pop.
1960 344
1970 628 82.6%
1980 2,008 219.7%
1990 7,508 273.9%
2000 37,835 403.9%
2010 76,794 103.0%

According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household in the town is $86,518, and the median income for a family is $103,176.[37] Males have a median income of $58,275 versus $37,841 for females. The per capita income for the town is $31,891. 1.8% of the population and 1.1% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 1.6% of those under the age of 18 and 0.9% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

The city’s homeownership rate is 81.9% with an average of 2.77 people per household. 14.1% of Fishers’ housing units are multi-unit structures. Residents have an average travel time of 23.1 minutes to work each day. Fishers also boast one of the lowest unemployment rates in the state at 4.5%.[38]

2010 census[]

As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 76,794 people, 27,218 households, and 20,404 families residing in the town. The population density was 2,286.2 inhabitants per square mile (882.7 /km2). There were 28,511 housing units at an average density of 848.8 per square mile (327.7 /km2). The racial makeup of the town was 85.6% White, 5.6% African American, 0.2% Native American, 5.5% Asian, 1.1% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.4% of the population.

There were 27,218 households of which 48.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.1% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.0% were non-families. 19.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 3.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.31.

The median age in the town was 33.2 years. 33% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 34.4% were from 25 to 44; 22.1% were from 45 to 64; and 5.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

Geography[]

Location[]

Fishers is located at 39°57'22" North, 86°0'46" West (39.956177, −86.012754)[39], along the West Fork of the White River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.84 square miles (92.83 km2), of which, 33.59 square miles (87.00 km2) of it is land and 2.25 square miles (5.83 km2) is water.[1]

Climate[]

Fishers has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification). Summers in Fishers are hot and humid with temperatures regularly in the 80s °F. Autumns and springs in Fishers have very comfortable temperatures normally around 70 °F, but springs have much less predictable weather and drastic temperature changes are common. Winters are cold and filled with snow and ice storms. During winter, temperatures are normally around 35°F and often dip below 20°F at night.

Month January February March April May June July August September October November December Average [40]
Average High 33°F 38°F 48°F 61°F 72°F 81°F 84°F 82°F 76°F 65°F 50°F 38°F 66°F
Average Low 17°F 17F° 30°F 39°F 50°F 60°F 64°F 61°F 54°F 42°F 33°F 22°F 44°F
Average Precipitation (Inches) 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3
Average Snowfall (Inches) 7 5 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 2

Economy[]

Top employers[]

According to the Fishers's Department of Development [41] and the Fishers Advantage economic development website,[42] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of employees
1 Sallie Mae 1,500
2 Hamilton Southeastern Schools 800
3 Roche Diagnostics 700
4 Freedom Mortgage 626
5 Charles Schwab 600
6 Universal Music Group 600
6 Marsh Supermarkets 525
8 Indiana University Health Saxony Hospital 460
9 ADT 450
10 US Foodservice 375

The Wesleyan Church has its headquarters in Fishers.[43]

Transportation[]

The Town of Fishers is located along Interstate 69. The town currently has three exits off the interstate and there are plans to build a fourth in the near future.[44] Fishers is 15 miles northeast of downtown Indianapolis and five miles from the Interstate 465 loop which connects Interstate 69 with Interstate 65, which runs northwest to Chicago and southward to Louisville; Interstate 70, running east to Columbus and west to St. Louis; and Interstate 74 running northwest towards Danville, and southeast towards Cincinnati. Cincinnati, Louisville, and Chicago are all within 180 miles of Fishers. Fishers also has an airport, the Indianapolis Metropolitan Airport, while this is only a small airport Fishers is located thirty minutes from Indianapolis International Airport.[45] Indiana State Road 37 runs directly through Fishers connecting Fishers with several other cities and towns. Fishers also is serviced by IndyGo bus service.[46] Fishers is also featured in the first phase of the Indianapolis mass transit plan. Featuring a light rail system that will run from downtown Indianapolis through Fishers to Noblesville.[47] The town of Fishers boast a vast quantity of newly developed and traffic smart roads. The town's main road 116th Street won the American Concrete Pavement Association Main Street Award in 2006.[7] This rapidly growing community has a constant need to expand and improve its transportation network. Part of this improvement is found in the development of a series of roundabouts, replacing almost all of the town's busy four way stops, greatly improving traffic flow. On April 10, 2012 the Town of Fishers announced a $20 million investment in the 2012 Drive Fishers initiative; an effort that will focus on areas in Fishers that have had a history of high-traffic volume, such as 96th street and Allisonville road, state road 37, and Fall Creek road in Geist.[48]

Education[]

The Town of Fishers is served by Hamilton Southeastern School District, a district educating almost 19,000 students every day.

Fishers's quickly growing population has created a need for a similar growth in the number of schools within the Hamilton Southeastern School District as well as additions to existing schools. In 1996 there were four elementary schools, one middle school, one junior high school, and one high school. With the openings of Riverside School and Fishers High School in the 2006–2007 school year and Thorpe Creek Elementary in the 2008–2009 school year, the school district has twelve elementary schools, three intermediate schools, three junior high schools and two high schools.[49] The two high schools in the district are Hamilton Southeastern High School and Fishers High School. They both compete for the Mudsock trophy, named after the town's original name, won by winning against the other school in the most sports throughout the year.

Fishers High School

Fishers High School

The twelve elementary schools are Brooks School Elementary, Cumberland Road Elementary, Durbin Elementary, Fall Creek Elementary, Fishers Elementary, Geist Elementary, Harrison Parkway Elementary, Hoosier Road Elementary, Lantern Road Elementary, New Britton Elementary, Sand Creek Elementary, and Thorpe Creek Elementary.

The three intermediate schools are Fall Creek Intermediate, Riverside Intermediate, and Sand Creek Intermediate.

The three junior highs are Fishers Junior High, Hamilton Southeastern Junior High, and Riverside Junior High.

The two high schools are Fishers High School and Hamilton Southeastern High School.

Hamilton Southeastern District website: http://www.hse.k12.in.us/ADM/

Fishers also has several private schools including Community Montessori School (PK-5), St. Louis De Montfort (PK-8), and Eman Schools (PK-12).[50] Additional private schools are located in surrounding communities.

Culture[]

Recreation[]

One attraction in Fishers is Geist Reservoir, offering activities like fishing and waterskiing. The reservoir is located minutes away from the Hamilton Town Centre shopping complex and the downtown area of Fishers. There are many golf courses around Fishers. Fishers was named the second Best Under-rated Golf Community in U.S. by Livability in 2010.[7] Fishers is home to Symphony on the Prairie, a summer concert series that takes place at Conner Prairie, presented by the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra. The Town also offers a free summer concert series in the Fishers Government Center, where the town built an amphitheater.[26] Fishers is located near the Klipsch Music Center, which hosts concerts.

Fairs[]

Fishers has two annual festivals: the Fishers Freedom Festival and the Fishers Renaissance Faire.

The Fishers Freedom Festival (FFF) takes place every year at the end of June, right before Independence Day. The 2008 festival was the 20th annual freedom celebration. A few annual traditions of the festival are a parade, a 5k run/walk named the Freedom Run, and a fireworks show on the last night of the festival. There are art and food vendors and game booths. The FFF is located at Roy G. Holland Memorial Park.[51]

The Fishers Renaissance Faire, presented by the Sister Cities Association of Fishers Indiana, has been held annually since 2005. It is held the first week end in October on the grounds of the Saxony development. Its purpose is to celebrate the Sister City relationship of Fishers with Billericay, England. The Faire features jousting, pirate shows, magicians, jesters, minstrels, a queen-complete with her royal court, a period village, authentic period/parody staged entertainment, period art and craft vendors, a wide variety of food and beverages as well as scripted interactions amongst the cast of 150 authentic, legendary and historic characters throughout the entire faire. Children's activities are provided by the Fishers Kiwanis and Key Clubs.[52]

Parks and conservation[]

The Town of Fishers is home to over a dozen parks and nature preserves. The Fishers Trail & Greenway System has more than 85 miles available for use.[53]

  • Billericay Park was named after the town's sister city Billericay, England. The park has eight youth baseball fields, a multi-use trail through Billericay Woods, a playground, and a splash pad with a picnic facility.[54]
  • Brooks School Park is a 16.5 acre park that has an ADA Accessible playground for kids, a multipurpose trail, a large athletic field, and a basketball court.[55]
  • The Cheeney Creek Natural Area includes the Cheeney Creek Greenway and a natural area.[56]
  • Cumberland Park is the park containing soccer fields. The park also has a trail along the Mud Creek Greenway, a disc golf course, and a community building.[57]
  • Cyntheanne Park has five Multi-Purpose Athletic Fields as well as natural areas, two playground areas and trails.[58]
  • Eller Fields are two lighted youth baseball fields and a playground.[59]
  • Fishers Heritage Park at White River is home to the Historic Ambassador House and Heritage Gardens. More than 170 years ago, a two-story log house was built on what is now the northwest corner of 96th Street and Allisonville Road, this was the Ambassador House.[60] The Ambassador House was carefully cut into two sections and moved to its current location in Heritage Park (106th Street and Eller Road) on November 19, 1996.[60]
  • Hamilton Proper Park is a 19-acre park.[61]
  • Harrison Thomas Park is a multi-use park featuring three baseball fields, three soccer fields, a playground and a 3/4 mile trail.[62]
  • Hoosier Woods is a small forest.[63]
  • Mudsock Fields contains three lighted football fields.[64]
  • Olio Fields is home to several softball fields.
  • Ritchey Woods Nature Preserve is approximately 127 acres (51.4 ha): 42 acres (17.0 ha) are an Indiana State Designated Nature Preserve and the remaining 85 acres (34.4 ha) are under a conservation easement governed by the Department of Natural Resources. The Preserve offers five trails totaling 2 miles. Cheeney Creek passes through the north end of the property.[65]
  • Roy G. Holland Memorial Park is the site of the Fishers Freedom Festival. The park also has soccer, baseball and softball fields, sand volleyball courts, basketball courts, woods, picnic areas, and a community building.[66]
  • Wapihani Nature Preserve is a 77 acre nature preserve located along the White River in Fishers. It was purchased with White River Restoration Trust funds in early 2006 by the Central Indiana Land Trust.[67] Riverside Middle School is located immediately south of the property. The property is available for students to utilize as an outdoor educational laboratory.[67]

Notable people[]

Seattle native and Hollywood and Broadway actress Frances Farmer is interred at Oaklawn Memorial Gardens in Fishers. Her grave site was widely ignored until the late 1970s and early 1980s when the media and 1982's Academy Award-nominated film about the life of the actress, Frances, shed light on her story.

Other famous residents of Fishers include former Indiana Pacers players Reggie Miller, Austin Croshere, and Dahntay Jones,[68] Zach Randolph of the Memphis Grizzlies, former Atlanta Hawks player Alan Henderson, NFL player Rosevelt Colvin formerly of the Houston Texans, Chicago Bears and New England Patriots, Joe Reitz of the Indianapolis Colts, Indianapolis Colts Defensive Line coach John Teerlinck, former San Diego Padres player Tony Gwynn,[69] professional wrestler Kevin Fertig, and Cleveland Indians pitcher Justin Masterson.

Awards[]

The Town of Fishers has earned many awards; below are some of the numerous awards and accolades the town has received.[7]

2012:

  • Top 100 Best Places to Live in America (#12 Ranking) - Money Magazine[70]
  • America's Friendliest Towns (#3 Ranking) - Forbes[71]
  • Family Circle 10 Best Towns for Families (#5 Ranking)[72]
  • Named a "Playful City USA" Community by KaBOOM![73]
  • Named Safest City in the Nation by CQ Press in their City Crime Rankings 2011-2012: Crime in Metropolitan America reports[74]

2011:

  • Indiana Association of Cities and Towns (IACT) Green Community[75]
  • Top 10 Cities for Families in U.S. - The Learning Channel (TLC)[76]
  • Safest city in the nation by CQ Press[74]

2010:

  • Best Affordable Suburb in Indiana - BusinessWeek[77]
  • 2nd Best Under-rated Golf Community in U.S. - Livability.com
  • Top 100 Places to Live in 2010 - Relocate America[78]

2009:

  • Top 100 Best Places to Live in America - Relocate America
  • Indianapolis Star's Top 100 Places to Work - 12th in the Large company category
  • 11th Best Place to Move in the Country - Forbes
  • IACT Community Achievement Award for On-Site Employee Medical Center
  • International City/County Management Association (ICMA) Center of Performance Measurement Certificate of Distinction
  • Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA) Distinguished Budget Presentation Award
  • Named a Playful City USA Community by KaBOOM!
  • Certificate of Recognition for Stormwater Management Plan from Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM)
  • Police Department received International Re-accreditation
  • Fire Department received International Re-accreditation - (One of only two Departments in Indiana and 135 worldwide)
  • Fire Department's Emergency Medical Services received National Accreditation

2008:

  • GFOA Distinguished Budget Award
  • GFOA Excellence in Financial Reporting Award
  • ICMA Center for Performance Measurement Gold Certificate of Distinction
  • Top 100 Best Places to Live in America (#10 Ranking) - Money Magazine
  • IPEP Safety Award
  • IPEP Award of Excellence
  • IADRS Silver Fin Award
  • ICMA What Works Publication
  • CLEAN Community Award
  • IWEA Laboratory Excellence Award

2007:

  • IACT Community Achievement Award
  • ICMA Voice of the People Award of Excellence
  • GFOA Distinguished Budget Presentation Award
  • GFOA Excellence in Financial Reporting Award
  • ICMA Center for Performance Measurement Certificate of Achievement
  • 3CMA Savvy Award of Excellence
  • IWEA Best Annual Report
  • IWEA Outstanding Device Award
  • IWEA Laboratory Excellence Award
  • Best Affordable Suburb in Indiana - Business Week

2006:

  • Top 100 Best Places to Live in America (#33 Ranking) - Money Magazine
  • Top 100 Best Places to Live or Relocate - Relocate America
  • America's Top Rated 110 Smaller Cities Award
  • Risk Watch Safe Community Award
  • American Concrete Pavement Association Main Street Award - 116th Street
  • City/County Communication Manager's (3CMA) Award - Public Relations Department
  • GFOA Excellence in Financial Reporting Award
  • IPEP Safety Award
  • NAYS All-Star Award
  • IPRA Essential Service Award
  • ISU Partner in Excellence Award
  • 3CMA Silver Circle Award
  • NRPA Partnership Award
  • IWEA Safety Excellence Award
  • IWEA Laboratory Excellence Award
  • ICACP Excellence in Concrete Paving Award

2005:

  • IPHQ Achievement Award
  • ICACP Excellence in Concrete Paving Award (2)
  • IRMCA Excellence Award
  • IRPA Essential Service Award
  • Top 100 Best Places to Live in America (#24 Ranking) - Money Magazine

Sister city[]

Fishers is twinned with Billericay, England, United Kingdom England.[79] Billericay Park[80] is named after the sister city.

References[]

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  14. ^ Allison, 132-133
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Sources[]

  • Allison, Harold (©1986, Harold Allison). The Tragic Saga of the Indiana Indians. Turner Publishing Company, Paducah. ISBN 0-938021-07-9. 

External links[]


This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at Fishers, Indiana. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License.
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