| House of Oldenburg | |||
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| Country | Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, Russian Empire, Kingdom of Denmark, Kingdom of Norway, Kingdom of Sweden, Kingdom of Greece, Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein | ||
| Titles | *Emperor of Russia
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| Founder | Elimar I, Count of Oldenburg | ||
| Final ruler | Russia: Nicholas II of Russia (1894–1917)
Sweden: Charles XIII of Sweden (1809–18)
Oldenburg: Friedrich August II (1900–18)
Saxe-Lauenburg: Christian IX (1864)
Schleswig-Holstein: Christian IX (1864)
Augustenborg: Albert (1921–31)
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| Current head | Christoph, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein | ||
| Founding year | 1448 | ||
| Deposition | Russia: February Revolution 1917
Sweden: 1818 (line extinct)
Greece: Greek military junta of 1967–74 1973
Oldenburg: German Revolution of 1918–19 1918
Saxe-Lauenburg: Second Schleswig War 1864
Schleswig-Holstein: Second Schleswig War 1864
Augustenborg: 1931 (line extinct)
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| Cadet branches | *House of Holstein-Gottorp
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The House of Oldenburg is a European royal house of North German origin. It is one of Europe's most influential Royal Houses with branches that rule or have ruled in Denmark, Greece, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Schleswig, Holstein, and Oldenburg. The current Queen of Denmark, the King of Norway and the ex-King of Greece as well as consorts of Greece and the United Kingdom belong to this House.
It rose to prominence when Count Christian I of Oldenburg was elected King of Denmark in 1448, Norway in 1450 and Sweden in 1457. The house has occupied the Danish throne ever since.
History[]
Marriages of medieval counts of Oldenburg had paved the way for their heirs to become kings of various Scandinavian kingdoms. Through marriage with a descendant of King Valdemar I of Sweden and of King Eric IV of Denmark, a claim to Sweden and Denmark was staked, since 1350.
At that time, its competitors were the successors of Margaret I of Denmark. In the 15th century, the Oldenburg heir of that claim married Hedwig of Schauenburg, a descendant of Euphemia of Sweden and Norway and also a descendant of Eric V of Denmark and Abel of Denmark. Since descendants better situated in genealogical charts died out, their son Christian (the abovementioned) became the king of all three kingdoms of the whole Kalmar Union. The House of Mecklenburg was its chief competitor regarding the Northern thrones, and other aspirants included the Duke of Lauenburg. Different Oldenburgine branches have reigned in several countries. The House of Oldenburg was briefly poised to claim the British thrones through the marriage of Queen Anne and Prince George of Denmark and Norway; however, due to the early deaths of all their children, the crown passed to the House of Hanover.
The head of the house since 1980 is Christoph, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein.[1]
Main line[]
- Kings of Denmark (1448–1863)
- Kings of Norway (1450–1814)
- Kings of Sweden (1457–64, 1497–1501 and 1520–21)
- Counts, Dukes and Grand Dukes of Oldenburg (1101–1918)
- Dukes of Schleswig and Counts of Holstein (1460–1544)
- Dukes of Schleswig and Holstein ruling only part of the Duchies (1544–1721/1773)
- Dukes of Schleswig (1721–1864) (ruling the entire Duchy)
- Dukes of Holstein (1773–1864, ruling the entire Duchy)
Branches[]
- Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp
- Dukes of Holstein-Gottorp (1544–1739)
- Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (commonly still called Romanov)
- Dukes of Holstein-Gottorp (1739–73)
- Tsars of Russia (1762 and 1796–1917)
- Holstein-Gottorp (Swedish branch), extinct
- Kings of Sweden (1751–1818)
- King of Norway (1814–18)
- Holstein-Gottorp (Grand ducal branch)
- Dukes, later Grand Dukes of Oldenburg (1773–1918)
- Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg, extinct
- claimant Duke of Schleswig-Holstein in 1863
- Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
- Duke of Schleswig-Holstein
- Kings of Denmark (since 1863)
- King of Iceland (1918–44)
- Kings of the Hellenes (1863–1924, 1935–73)
- Kings of Norway (since 1905)
- Although Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, his sons and their children are patrilineally descended from this branch, by declaration of the British monarch, his sons and other descendants bearing the style "Royal Highness" are de jure members of the House of Windsor.[2]
Gallery[]
Founder King Christian I of Denmark, Norway and Sweden (1426-1481)
The current (2014) head of the House of Oldenburg Christoph of Schleswig-Holstein (*1949)
Ex-king Constantine II of Greece (*1940) and wife, a princess of Denmark (*1946)
Sweden's most prominent Oldenburg king was Gustav III (1746-1792)
.jpg "Harald V of Norway in Slovenia in 2011 (crop).jpg (126 KB)")
King Harald V of Norway (*1937)
Queen Margrethe II, Head of State of Denmark (*1940)
Nicholas II (1868-1918) was the last Emperor of Russia
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Prince of Greece and Denmark (*1921)
Queen Sofía of Spain, Princess of Greece and Denmark (*1938)
See also[]
- Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg, for the minor branches of the House of Oldenburg
- List of rulers of Oldenburg
- List of consorts of Oldenburg
- List of rulers of Schleswig-Holstein. Contains more information about the partitions of Schleswig and Holstein.
- Coat of arms of Oldenburg
- Armorial of the House of Oldenburg(fr)
- Genealogical Chart of the Danish House of Oldenburg/Oldenborg and Glucksburg/Glucksborg
- Oldenborg Dynasty Family Tree(in Czech).
- List of members of the House of Oldenburg
Footnotes[]
- ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser XVI. Haus Holstein. C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp.44-50. ISBN 3-7980-0824-8. In German.
- ^ Royal Styles and Titles – 1960 Letters Patent
External links[]
Media related to House of Oldenburg at Wikimedia Commons- Marek, Miroslav, The House of Oldenburg, Genealogy.EU, http://genealogy.euweb.cz/oldenburg/, retrieved August 2012.
Media related to 
House of Oldenburg House of Oldenburg
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| Preceded by House of Romanov |
Imperial house of Russia 1762–1917 |
Vacant February Revolution
|
| Preceded by House of Wittelsbach |
Royal house of Greece 1863–1973 |
Monarchy abolished |
| Preceded by House of Palatinate-Neumarkt |
Royal house of Denmark 1448–present |
Present house (branch: Glücksburg) |
| Preceded by House of Bernadotte |
Royal house of Norway 1905–present | |
| Vacant Title last held by House of Bonde
|
Royal house of Norway 1450–1818 |
Succeeded by House of Bernadotte |
| Royal house of Sweden 1457-1464 |
Vacant Title next held by House of Bonde
| |
| Royal house of Sweden 1497–1501 |
Vacant | |
| Vacant | Royal house of Sweden 1520–1521 |
Vacant Title next held by House of Vasa
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| Preceded by House of Schaumburg |
Comital House of Holstein 1460–1474 |
County raised to duchy |
| Ducal house of Schleswig 1474-1864 |
Second Schleswig War | |
| County raised to duchy | Ducal House of Holstein 1474-1864 | |
| Vacant Title last held by House of Hanover
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Ducal House of Saxe-Lauenburg 1814–1864 |
Vacant Title next held by House of Hohenzollern
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