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in: Von Worms (surname), Born in 990, Died in 1039,
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Konrad II von Worms (c990-1039)

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  • 1024-1039: King of Germany
  • 1026-1039: King of Italy
  • 1032-1039: King of Burgundy
  • 1027-1039: Holy Roman Emporer
  • : Duke of Bavaria
  • AKA: Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor
  • AKA: Conrad the Elder
  • AKA: Conrad the Salic
  • Salian dynasty
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 Wikipedia

Konrad II von Worms, King of the Romans, King of Italy, King of Burgundy, Holy Roman Emperor, Duke of Bavaria, was born 990 to Heinrich von Worms (c975-c995) and Adelheid von Metz (c970-c1042) and died 4 June 1039 Utrecht, Netherlands of unspecified causes. He married Gisela von Schwaben (c989-1043) 1016 JL .

Biography

Conrad II, also known as Conrad the Elder or Conrad II the Salic, was a significant historical figure who served as the Holy Roman Emperor from 1027 until his death in 1039. Conrad II's reign was significant in shaping the political landscape of medieval Germany and the Holy Roman Empire. His efforts to consolidate power and expand imperial influence left a lasting impact on the subsequent rulers of the empire.

He gained the title of Conrad II Deutscher Kaiser.3 He was a member of the House of Salian. He succeeded as the Emperor Conrad II of the Holy Roman Empire in 1024. He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 1027. Here's an overview of his life and accomplishments:

Early Life and Rise to Power:

Conrad II was born around 990, likely in the town of Speyer, in the Holy Roman Empire. He belonged to the Franconian House of Salian, a dynasty that played a prominent role in the medieval history of Germany. Conrad gained prominence as a military leader and political figure within the empire.

Struggles for Power:

During the early years of Conrad's reign, he faced challenges from various regional powers and factions within the empire. He had to assert his authority and suppress revolts to establish his control. Conrad's main rivals included the Duke of Bavaria and the Duke of Carinthia.

Consolidation of Power:

Conrad's reign was marked by his efforts to consolidate imperial authority. He undertook several military campaigns and diplomatic initiatives to extend his influence and maintain stability within the empire. Conrad aimed to strengthen the central authority of the Holy Roman Emperor.

Imperial Policies:

Conrad II implemented various policies to enhance his rule and the stability of the empire. He established alliances with regional nobles, granted them privileges, and incorporated them into the imperial administration. Conrad also worked towards a more centralized administration, issuing charters, and expanding the power of the royal court.

Relations with the Papacy:

Conrad II had a complex relationship with the papacy. He sought to assert imperial authority over the appointment of bishops and abbots, often clashing with the pope on matters of ecclesiastical jurisdiction. Despite these conflicts, Conrad maintained a relatively stable relationship with the papacy during his reign.

Italian Expeditions:

One of Conrad's notable achievements was his expeditions to Italy. He aimed to restore imperial control over the region and secure the loyalty of Italian nobles. Conrad's efforts in Italy laid the foundation for future emperors' involvement in Italian affairs.

Succession and Legacy:

Conrad II passed away on June 4, 1039, in Utrecht, Netherlands. His son, Henry III, succeeded him as the Holy Roman Emperor. Conrad's reign contributed to the Salian dynasty's prominence and established a precedent for future emperors in their struggle for central authority within the Holy Roman Empire.

Family Life

Conrad II, the Holy Roman Emperor. Spouse: a. Gisela of Swabia: Conrad II's most well-known spouse was Gisela of Swabia. They were married around 1016. Gisela was the daughter of Hermann II, Duke of Swabia. She played a significant role in supporting Conrad's rule and maintaining political alliances. The children also played significant roles in the political landscape of their time, and their marriages and alliances helped shape the relationships between the Holy Roman Empire and other regional powers.


  1. Heinrich III of the Holy Roman Empire (1017-1056) - also known as Henry IV of Germany, was the eldest son of Conrad II and Gisela of Swabia. He was born in 1017. Henry III succeeded his father as the Holy Roman Emperor and ruled from 1039 until his death in 1056. His reign was marked by conflicts with the papacy, including the Investiture Controversy.
  2. Mathilde of the Holy Roman Empire (?-1034) - AKA: Matilda of Swabia: Matilda was born around 1025 and was Conrad II's daughter with Gisela of Swabia. She married Frederick, Duke of Upper Lorraine, and later became the mother of the future Holy Roman Emperor, Henry IV.
  3. Beatrix of the Holy Roman Empire (1030-c1035) - Beatrix was another daughter of Conrad II and Gisela. Not much is known about her, and historical records are scarce.



Children


Offspring of Konrad II von Worms and Gisela von Schwaben (c989-1043)
Name Birth Death Joined with
Heinrich III of the Holy Roman Empire (1017-1056) 28 October 1017 5 October 1056 Bodfeld Gunhilda of Denmark (c1020-1038)
Agnes of Poitou (c1025-1077)
Beatrix of the Holy Roman Empire (1030-c1035) 1030 1035
Mathilde of the Holy Roman Empire (?-1034) 1027 1034



Siblings


Offspring of Heinrich von Worms (c975-c995) and Adelheid von Metz (c970-c1042)
Name Birth Death Joined with
Judith von Worms (c991-bef1034) 991 1034
Konrad II von Worms (c990-1039) 990 4 June 1039 Utrecht, Netherlands Gisela von Schwaben (c989-1043)


See Also

Bibiography

  • Engel, Pál, ed (2001). The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526 I.B. Tauris Publishers. ISBN 978-1-86064-061-2. 
  • Bury, John Bagnell, ed (1922). The Cambridge Medieval History: Vol. III. Germany and the Western Empire. 
  • Bernhardt, John W. (2002). Itinerant Kingship & Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936–1075. Cambridge University Press. 
  • Halliday, Andrew (1826). Annals of the House of Hannover. London. at Google Books
  • Györffy, György (1983) (in hu). István király és műve [=King Stephen and his work]. Gondolat Könyvkiadó. ISBN 963-9441-87-2. 
  • Heer, Friedrich (1968). The Holy Roman Empire. Frederick A. Praeger. https://archive.org/details/holyromanempire00heer. 
  • Makk, Ferenc (2001). "On the Foreign Policy of Saint Stephen". In Zsoldos, Attila. Saint Stephen and His Country: A Newborn Kingdom in Central Europe – Hungary. Lucidus Kiadó. pp. 37–48. ISBN 963-86163-9-3. 
  • Herrmann, Joachim (1985). Die Slawen in Deutschland: Geschichte und Kultur der slawischen Stämme westlich von Oder und Neiße vom 6. bis 12. Jahrhundert. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag. ISBN 978-0-376-08338-8. 
  • Boshof, Egon (2008) (in de). Die Salier (5 ed.). Kohlhammer Verlag. ISBN 978-3-17-020183-5. 
  • Knefelkamp, Ulrich (2002) (in de). Das Mittelalter. UTB M. 2105 (2 ed.). UTB. ISBN 3-8252-2105-9. 
  • Lenkey, Zoltán (2003). "Szent István [=Saint Stephen]". In Szentpéteri, József (in hu). Szent István és III. András [=Saint Stephen and Andrew III]. Kossuth Kiadó. pp. 5–118. ISBN 963-09-4461-8. 
  • Lübke, Christian (2002). "Zwischen Polen und dem Reich. Elbslawen und Gentilreligion". In Borgolte, Michael (in de). Polen und Deutschland vor 1000 Jahren. Die Berliner Tagung über den "Akt von Gnesen". Europa im Mittelalter. Abhandlungen und Beiträge zur historischen Komparatistik. 5. Berlin: Akademie Verlag. pp. 91–110. ISBN 3-05-003749-0. 

External Links

Royal Succession Charts

Konrad II von Worms (c990-1039)
Born: c 990 Died: 1039
Regnal titles
Vacant
Title last held by
Henry the Saint 		King of Germany
1024–1039
with Henry III (1028–1039) 		Succeeded by
Henry the Black
Holy Roman Emperor
1027–1039 		Vacant
Title next held by
Henry the Black
King of Italy
1027–1039
Preceded by
Rudolph the Pious 		King of Burgundy
1032–1039
with Henry the Black (1038–1039)

Contemporary References

The earliest historical reference sources about the life and family of Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor, would primarily consist of contemporary chronicles, annals, and documents from the medieval period. It's important to note that these early sources might have biases, gaps, or differing interpretations of events. Comparing multiple contemporary accounts and consulting modern scholarly analysis can help form a more comprehensive understanding of Conrad II and his family. Here are some important early sources that provide insights into Conrad II and his family:

  1. "Annales Sangallenses" (Annals of St. Gall) - This set of annals covers events from the early Middle Ages, including Conrad II's reign. The annals were compiled by various authors and offer a chronological account of significant political and historical events of the time.
  2. "Thietmari Merseburgensis Episcopi Chronicon" (Chronicle of Bishop Thietmar of Merseburg) - Thietmar of Merseburg was a contemporary chronicler who documented the history of the Holy Roman Empire and other European events during the late 10th and early 11th centuries. His chronicle provides valuable information about Conrad II's reign and the political dynamics of the era.
  3. "Annalista Saxo" (Saxon Annalist) - The Annalista Saxo is a compilation of annals that covers various periods of German history, including the Salian dynasty. It contains information on Conrad II's reign and his family.
  4. Imperial Charters and Diplomatic Documents - Official charters and diplomatic documents issued by Conrad II and his administration can offer insights into the political and legal aspects of his rule, as well as his interactions with other rulers and institutions. These documents can be found in archives and collections of medieval charters.
  5. "Vita Heinrici IV Imperatoris" (Life of Emperor Henry IV) by Wipo of Burgundy - While not a direct source on Conrad II, this hagiographic biography of his son, Henry IV, contains information about Conrad II's background, reign, and family relationships.

References




Footnotes (including sources)

Rtol, Thurston, MainTour

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