| Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire | |
|---|---|
| Former Monarchy | |
| Imperial | |
| |
| Emblem of the Palaiologos Dynasty | |
| File:Constantine XI Palaiologos.jpg | |
| Constantine XI | |
| First monarch | Constantine I |
| Last monarch | Constantine XI |
| Official residence | Constantinople |
| Monarchy started | AD 330 |
| Monarchy ended | AD 1453 |
| Current pretender | None |
This is a list of the emperors of the Eastern Roman Empire, commonly known as the Byzantine Empire by modern historians. This list does not include numerous co-emperors who never attained sole or senior status as rulers.
This list begins with Constantine I the Great, the first Christian emperor reigning from Constantinople. Diocletian before him had ruled from Nicomedia and replaced the republican trappings of the office with a straightforward autocracy, marking the transition from the Principate to the more authoritarian Dominate. All Byzantine Emperors regarded themselves as Roman Emperors,[1], the term "Byzantine" being coined firstly by Western historiography much later, in the 16th century.
Although the Catholic West recognized the Eastern Empire's claim to the Roman legacy for several centuries, on 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned King of Franks Charlemagne as the Roman Emperor (which eventually led to the formation of the Holy Roman Empire) due to uneasy relations with the Orthodox East, an act which was much resented by the Byzantines. This happened after the coronation of Empress Irene, who, as a woman, was not recognised by the Pope of Rome to have a right to the throne.
The title of all Emperors listed preceding Heraclius was officially Augustus, although various other titles such as Dominus were used as well. For official purposes, their names were preceded by Imperator Caesar and followed by Augustus. Following Heraclius, the title commonly became the Greek Basileus (Gr. Βασιλεύς), which had formerly meant generally "king", "sovereign" but now was used in place of 'Imperator. Following the establishment of a rival Empire in Western Europe (the Holy Roman Empire), the title Autokrator (Gr. Αυτοκράτωρ) was also increasingly used. Foreign kings were now titled by the neologism Regas (Gr. Ρήγας, from the Lat. Rex) or by another generic term Archon (Gr. Άρχων, "ruler"). In the later centuries of the Empire, the emperor could be often referred to by Western Christians as the "Emperor of the Greeks," though they still considered themselves "Roman" Emperors. Towards the end of the Empire, they referred to themselves as "[Emperor's name] in Christ, true Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans."
- For previous Emperors, see List of Roman emperors
Constantinian dynasty (306–363)[]
See also: Constantinian dynasty
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Constantine "the Great" Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Α' Μέγας (Gaius Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus) |
son of the Augustus Constantius Chlorus | 27 February c.280 | 25 July 306 Proclaimed "Augustus" upon the death of Constantius Chlorus |
22 May 337 | |
| File:ConstantiusII.JPG | Constantius II Κωνσταντίνος Β' (Flavius Iulius Constantius) |
second son of Constantine I | 7 August 317 | 22 May 337 Inherited Eastern third of Roman Empire upon his father's death |
5 October 361 died of illness on campaign | |
 |
Julian "the Apostate" Ιουλιανός (Flavius Claudius Iulianus) |
grandson of Constantius Chlorus, cousin of Constantius II | May 332 | 5 October 361 Proclaimed by his army in Gaul, became legitimate Emperor upon the death of Constantius |
28 June 363 killed on campaign against Persians | |
Non-dynastic (363–364)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Jovian Ιοβιανός ( Flavius Claudius Iovianus ) |
Guards' Captain amongst Julian's Eastern forces | c.332 | 28 June 363 Elected by the army upon Julian's death |
17 February 364 Died on journey back to Constantinople | |
Valentinian-Theodosian dynasty (364–457)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Valentinian I Βαλεντιανός( Flavius Valentinianus ) |
Officer under Julian and Jovian | 321 | 26 February 364 Elected by the army upon Jovian's death |
17 November 375 Died of cerebral haemorrhage | |
 |
Valens Βάλης ( Flavius Iulius Valens ) |
Minor soldier of the Roman army, brother of Valentinian I | 328 | 28 March 364 Appointed by his brother |
9 August 378 Killed at the Battle of Adrianople | |
| File:158 Gratianus.jpg | Gratian Γρατιανός ( Flavius Gratianus ) |
Son of Valentinian I, nephew of Valens | 18 April/23 May 359 | 9 August 378 Inherited rule of the East upon the death of Valens |
19 January 379 Appointed Theodosius I as Emperor of the East |
25 August 383 Assassinated during the rebellion of Magnus Maximus |
 |
Theodosius I "the Great" Θεοδόσιος Α' ο Μέγας ( Flavius Theodosius ) |
Aristocrat and military leader, brother-in-law of Gratian | 11 January 347 | 19 January 379 Appointed by Gratian |
17 January 395 old age | |
 |
Arcadius Αρκάδιος ( Flavius Arcadius ) |
Son of Theodosius I | 377/378 | 17 January 395 Upon the death of Theodosius I |
1 May 408 | |
 |
Theodosius II Θεοδόσιος Β' ( Flavius Theodosius ) |
Son of Arcadius | 10 April 401 | 1 May 408 Upon the death of Arcadius |
28 July 450 Riding accident | |
 |
Pulcheria Πουλχερία ( Aelia Pulcheria ) |
Daughter of Arcadius, sister of Theodosius II | 19 January 399 | 28 July 450 Upon the death of Theodosius II |
July 453 | |
| File:Marcian.JPG | Marcian Μαρκιανός ( Flavius Valerius Marcianus ) |
Soldier, politician, husband of Pulcheria | 396 | 450 Upon his marriage to Pulcheria |
January 457 Gangrene contracted on a journey | |
Leonid dynasty (457–518)[]
See also: House of Leo
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Leo I "the Thracian" Λέων Α' (Flavius Valerius Leo ) |
Soldier | 401 | 7 February 457 Chosen by Aspar, commander-in-chief of the army |
18 January 474 Died of dysentery | |
 |
Leo II Λέων Β' ( Flavius Leo ) |
Grandson of Leo I | 467 | 18 January 474 Succeeded his grandfather Leo I |
17 November 474 Died of an unknown disease, possibly poisoned | |
| File:Zeno.PNG | Zeno Ζήνων ( Flavius Zeno ) (Born Tarasicodissa) |
Roman general of Isaurian origins; son-in-law of Leo I, father of Leo II | c.425 | Co-emperor: 9 February 474 Appointed by his son Leo II Sole Emperor: 17 November 474 Succeeded upon the death of Leo II |
9 January 475 Deposed by Basiliscus, brother-in-law of Leo I |
9 April 491 |
| File:Basiliscus.JPG | Basiliscus Βασιλίσκος ( Flavius Basiliscus ) |
Army General; brother-in-law of Leo I | 9 January 475 Seized power from Zeno |
August 476 Deposed by Zeno |
476/477 | |
| File:Zeno.PNG | Zeno, restored Ζήνων ( Flavius Zeno ) (Born Tarasicodissa) |
Roman general of Isaurian origins; son-in-law of Leo I, father of Leo II | c.425 | restored August 476 Having deposed Basiliscus |
9 April 491 | |
| File:Anastasius I.JPG | Anastasius I Αναστάσιος Α'( Flavius Anastasius ) |
Palace official ("Silentiarius"); son-in-law of Leo I | c.430 | 11 April 491 Chosen by Ariadne, widow of Zeno |
9 July 518 | |
Justinian dynasty (518–602)[]
See also: Justinian dynasty
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:JustinI.JPG | Justin I Ιουστίνος Α' (Flavius Iustinus ) |
General, commander of the City Guards under Anastasius I | c.450 | July 518 Elected by army and people upon the death of Anastasius I |
1 August 527 | |
 |
Justinian I the Great Ιουστινιανός Α' (Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus) |
Nephew and heir of Justin I | 482/483 | 1 August 527 Inherited the throne on the death of Justin I |
13/14 November 565 | |
| File:Justin II.JPG | Justin II Ιουστίνος Β' (Flavius Iustinus Iunior) |
Nephew and heir of Justinian I | c.520 | 14 November 565 Inherited the throne on the death of Justinian I |
5 October 578 | |
| File:Tiberius II.JPG | Tiberius II Constantine Τιβέριος Β' (Flavius Tiberius Constantinus) |
"Comes" of the Excubitors, friend and adoptive son of Justin II | c.520 | 5 October 578 Became full Emperor on the death of Justin II |
14 August 582 possibly poisoned by Maurice | |
| File:Emperor Maurice.JPG | Maurice Μαυρίκιος (Flavius Mauricius Tiberius) |
Commander-in-chief of Cappadocian origins; son-in-law of Tiberius II | 539 | 14 August 582 Succeeded upon the death of his father-in-law Tiberius II |
November 602 Forced to abdicate by Phocas |
27 November 602 Executed by Phocas |
Non-dynastic (602–610)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Phocas.JPG | Phocas Φωκάς (Flavius Phocas ) |
sub-altern in the Balkan army, leader of rebellion; deposed Maurice | ? | November 602 Seized power in a rebellion against Maurice |
610 Executed by Heraclius | |
Heraclian dynasty (610–711)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Herakleios (Ηράκλειος, Hērakleios) Heraclius (Flavius Heraclius) |
son of Exarch of Africa Heraclius the Elder, who were of Armenian Origin. ; Deposed Phocas | c.575 | 5 October 610 Seized power in a rebellion against Phocas |
11 February 641 | |
| File:Heraclius and sons.JPG | Constantine III (Ηράκλειος (νέος) Κωνσταντίνος, Herakleios Néos Kōnstantinos) Constantine III ( Heraclius Novus Constantinus ) |
eldest son of Herakleios | 3 May 612 | 11 February 641 Succeeded to throne with Heraklonas following death of Herakleios |
24/26 May 641 Tuberculosis, allegedly poisoned by Martina | |
| File:Heraclius and sons.JPG | Heraklonas (Κωνσταντίνος Ηράκλειος, Kōnstantinos Herakleios) Heraclianus (Constantinus Heraclius) |
younger son of Herakleios | 626 | 11 February 641 Succeeded to throne with Constantine III following death of Herakleios |
September 641 Deposed by Senate |
c.641 Presumed to have died in exile |
 |
Constans II (Κώνστας Β', Kōnstas II); born Herakleios Constantine (Ηράκλειος Κωνσταντίνος, Herakleios Kōnstantinos ); called "Constantine the Bearded" (Κωνσταντίνος Πωγωνάτος, Kōnstantinos Pogonatos) Constans II (Constantus II); born Heraclius Constantine ( Heraclius Constantinus ); called "Constantine the Bearded" |
son of Constantine III | 7 November 630 | 641 Made co-Emperor by Hereklonas, sole emperor in that same year |
15 September 668 Assassinated, possibly on the orders of Mezezius | |
 |
Mezezius | Usurper Emperor | Unknown | 668 | 669 | |
 |
Constantine IV (Κωνσταντίνος Δ', Kōnstantinos) Constantine (Constantinos) |
son of Constans II | 652 | 15 September 668 succeeded following murder of Constans II |
September 685 Died of dysentery | |
 |
Justinian II Ιουστινιανός Β' | son of Constantine IV | 669 | Co-emperor in 681, sole emperor in 685. | 695 Deposed by military revolt |
December 711 |
 |
Leontios Λεόντιος | Usurper Emperor | Unknown | 695 | 698 Deposed by military revolt |
705 |
 |
Tiberios III Τιβέριος | Usurper Emperor | Unknown | 698 | 705 Deposed by a Bulgarian-supported revolt |
705 |
|
Justinian II Ιουστινιανός Β' | son of Constantine IV | 669 | 705 | 711 Deposed by military revolt |
December 711 |
Non-dynastic (711–717)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Philippikos Φιλιππικός | A general of Armenian origins; deposed Justinian II | Unknown | December, 711 | 3 June 713 Deposed by a military revolt |
Later in the 8th century |
 |
Anastasios II Αναστάσιος Β' | a bureaucraut, imperial secretary for Philippikos | Unknown | June 713 | November 715 Deposed by a military revolt |
718 |
 |
Theodosios III Θεοδόσιος Γ' | a financial officer, tax collector in the Opsikian Theme | Unknown | May 715 | 25 March 717 Deposed by a military revolt |
Later in the 8th century |
Isaurian dynasty (717–802)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Leo III the Isaurian Λέων Γ' | a general from Germanikeia, Commagene | c. 685 | 25 March 717 | 18 June 741 | 18 June 741 |
| Constantine V Κωνσταντίνος Ε' | Son of Leo III | July, 718 | Co-ruler in 720, senior ruler in 741 | 14 September 775 | 14 September 775 | |
| Artabasdos | Son-in-law of Leo III, brother-in-law of Constantine V | Unknown | Rival emperor from June 741/742 | 2 November 743 | Later in the 8th century | |
 |
Leo IV the Khazar Λέων Δ' | Son of Constantine V | 25 January 750 | Co-ruler in 751, senior ruler in 775 | 8 September 780 | 8 September 780 |
| Constantine VI Κωνσταντίνος ΣΤ' | Son of Leo IV and Irene | 771 | Co-ruler in 776, sole emperor in 780 | August 797 | c. 797, though sources are contradictory on the subject | |
 |
Irene of Athens Ειρήνη Αθηναία | Wife of Leo IV, mother of Constantine VI | c. 752 | August 797 | 31 October 802 | 9 August 803 |
Nikephoros' dynasty (802–813)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Nikephoros I Νικηφόρος Α' | logothetēs tou genikou (finance minister) | Unknown | 31 October 802 | 26 July 811 | 26 July 811 |
| Staurakios Σταυράκιος | Son of Nikephoros I | Unknown | Co-ruler in 803, senior ruler in 811 | 2 October 811 | 11 January 812 | |
 |
Michael I Rangabe Μιχαήλ Α' | Son-in-law of Nikephoros I, brother-in-law of Staurakios | Unknown | 2 October 811 | 11 July 813 | 11 January 844 |
Non-dynastic (813–820)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Leo V the Armenian Λέων Ε' | Strategos of the Anatolic theme | c. 775 | 11 July 813 | 25 December 820 | 25 December 820 |
Phrygian dynasty (820–867)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Michael II the Stammerer or the Amorian (Μιχαήλ Β' ο Τραυλός ή Ψελλός) | Strategos, son-in-law of Constantine VI | 770 | 25 December 820 |
2 October 829 | |
 |
Theophilus (Θεόφιλος) | son of Michael II | 813 | 2 October 829 |
20 January 842 | |
 |
Theodora (Θεοδώρα) | wife of Theophilus | c. 815 | 842 |
855 | 867 |
 |
Michael III (Μιχαήλ Γ') | son of Theophilos | 19 January 840 | 842 |
23 September 867 | |
Macedonian dynasty (867–1056)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Basil I the Macedonian (Βασίλειος Α' ο Μακεδών) | Imperial officer of Armenian Origin born in the Theme of Macedonia | c. 811 | 867 |
2 August 886 | |
 |
Leo VI the Wise (Λέων ΣΤ' ο Σοφός) | likely either son of Basil I or Michael III | 19 September 866 | 886 |
11 May 912 | |
 |
Alexander (III) (Αλέξανδρος Γ') | son of Basil I; regent for nephew | 870 | 912 |
913 | |
 |
Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos (Κωνσταντίνος Ζ' ο Πορφυρογέννητος) | son of Leo VI | 9 September 905 | 15 May 908 |
9 November 959 | |
 |
Romanos I Lekapenos (Ρωμανός Α' ο Λεκαπηνός) | father-in-law of Constantine VII | c. 870 | 17 December 920 |
16 December 944 | 15 June 948 |
 |
Romanos II Porphyrogennetos (Ρωμανός Β' ο Πορφυρογέννητος) | son of Constantine VII | 15 March 938 | November 959 |
15 March 963 | |
 |
Nikephoros II Phokas (Νικηφόρος Β' ο Φωκάς) | married Theophano, Romanos II's widow, regent for Basil II | c. 912 | 16 August 963 |
969 | |
 |
John I Tzimiskes (Ιωάννης Α' Κουρκούας ο Τσιμισκής) | brother-in-law of Romanus II | c. 925 | 11 December 969 |
10 January 976 | |
 |
Basil II the Bulgar-Slayer (Βασίλειος Β' ο Βουλγαροκτόνος) | son of Romanos II | 958 | 10 January 976 |
15 December 1025 | |
 |
Constantine VIII (Κωνσταντίνος Η' ο Πορφυρογέννητος) | son of Romanos II | 960 | 15 December 1025 |
15 November 1028 | |
 |
Zoe (Ζωή η Πορφυρογέννητη) | daughter of Constantine VIII | c. 978 | 15 November 1028 |
June 1050 | |
 |
Romanos III Argyros (Ρωμανός Γ' ο Αργυρός) | Zoe's first husband | 968 | 15 November 1028 |
11 April 1034 | |
 |
Michael IV the Paphlagonian (Μιχαήλ Δ' ο Παφλαγών) | Zoe's second husband | 1010 | 11 April 1034 |
10 December 1041 | |
 |
Michael V the Caulker (Μιχαήλ Ε' ο Καλαφάτης) | Michael IV's nephew | 1015 | 10 December 1041 |
20 April 1042 | 24 August 1042 |
 |
Theodora (Θεοδώρα) | daughter of Constantine VIII | 984 | 20 April 1042 |
1042 | after 31 August 1056 |
 |
Constantine IX Monomachos (Κωνσταντίνος Θ' ο Μονομάχος) | Zoe's third husband | c. 1000 | 11 June 1042 |
11 January 1055 | |
|
Theodora (Θεοδώρα) | daughter of Constantine VIII | 984 | 11 January 1055 |
after 31 August 1056 | |
Non-dynastic (1056–1057)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael VI Stratiotikos Μιχαήλ ΣΤ' | Court bureaucrat, defence minister | Unknown | September, 1056 | 31 August 1057 | c. 1059 |
Komnenid dynasty (1057–1059)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Isaac I Komnenos Ισαάκιος Α' Κομνηνός | commander of the field army in Anatolia | c. 1005 | 5 June 1057 as rival emperor, sole emperor since 31 August 1057 | 22 November 1059 | c. 1061 |
Doukid dynasty (1059–1081)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Constantine X Doukas (Κωνσταντίνος Ι' ο Δούκας) | 1006 | 24 November 1059 |
22 May 1067 | ||
 |
Michael VII Doukas (Μιχαήλ Ζ' Δούκας) | son of Constantine X | 1050 | 22 May 1067 |
24 March 1078 | 1090 |
 |
Romanos IV Diogenes (Ρωμανός Δ' Διογένης) | married Eudokia Makrembolitissa, Constantine X's widow | 1032 | 1067 |
1071 | 1072 |
 |
Nikephoros III Botaneiates (Νικηφόρος Γ' Βοτανειάτης) | Strategos claiming descent from the Fabii | 1001 | 31 March 1078 |
10 December 1081 | |
Komnenid dynasty (1081–1185)[]
See also: Komnenos
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Alexios I Komnenos (Αλέξιος Α' Κομνηνός) | Nephew of Isaac I, military commander | 1048 | 4 April 1081 |
15 August 1118 | |
 |
John II Komnenos (Ιωάννης Β' Κομνηνός o Καλός) | son of Alexios I | 13 September 1087 | 1118 | 8 April 1143 | |
 |
Manuel I Komnenos (Μανουήλ Α' Κομνηνός ο Μέγας) | son of John II | 28 November 1118 | 1143 | 24 September 1180 | |
 |
Alexios II Komnenos (Αλέξιος B' Κομνηνός) | son of Manuel I | 14 September 1169 | 1180 | October 1183 | |
 |
Andronikos I Komnenos (Ανδρόνικος Α' Κομνηνός) | nephew of John II | c. 1118 | 1183 | 2 September 1185 | |
Angelid dynasty (1185–1204)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Isaac II Angelos (Ισαάκιος Β' Άγγελος) | great-grandson of Alexios I | September 1156 | 1185 |
1195 | January 1205 |
 |
Alexios III Angelos (Αλέξιος Γ' Άγγελος) | brother of Isaac II | 1153 | 1195 |
1203 | 1211 |
|
Isaac II Angelos (Ισαάκιος Β' Άγγελος) | great-grandson of Alexios I | September 1156 | 1203 |
1204 | January 1205 |
 |
Alexios IV Angelos (Αλέξιος Δ' Άγγελος) | son of Isaac II | 1182 | 1203 | 1204 | |
| Nikolaos Kanabos (Νικόλαος Καναβός) | 25 January 1204 | 5 February 1204 | ||||
 |
Alexios V Doukas (Αλέξιος Ε' Δούκας) | son-in-law of Alexios III | 1140 | 5 February 1204 | 12 April 1204 | December 1205 |
Laskarid dynasty (Empire of Nicaea, 1204–1261)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constantine Laskaris Κωνσταντίνος Λάσκαρης | Defender of Constantinople | Unknown | Claimant emperor in 1204 | c. 1205 | c. 1205 | |
 |
Theodore I Laskaris Θεόδωρος Α΄ Λάσκαρης | Brother of Constantine Laskaris, son-in-law of Alexios III | c. 1174 | proclaimed 1205, crowned 1208 | 1221 | 1221 |
 |
John III Doukas VatatzesΙωάννης Γ' Δούκας Βατάτζης | son-in-law of Theodore I | c. 1192 | December, 1221 | 3 November 1254 | 3 November 1254 |
 |
Theodore II Laskaris Θεόδωρος Β' Λάσκαρης | son of John III, grandson of Theodore I | 1221/1222 | proclaimed 4 November 1254 crowned 1255 | 18 August 1258 | 18 August 1258 |
 |
John IV Laskaris Ιωάννης Δ' Λάσκαρης | son of Theodore II | 25 December 1250 | 18 August 1258 | 25 December 1261 | c. 1305 |
Palaiologan Dynasty (restored to Constantinople, 1261–1453)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Michael VIII Palaiologos Μιχαήλ Η' Παλαιολόγος | Great-grandson of Alexios III, grandnephew of John III by marriage | 1223 | 1 January 1259 as co-emperor, senior emperor since 25 December 1261 | 11 December 1282 | 11 December 1282 |
 |
Andronikos II Palaiologos Ανδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος | Son of Michael VIII | 25 March 1259 | nominal co-emperor in September, 1261, crowned in 1272. Senior emperor on 11 December 1282 | 24 May 1328 | 13 February 1332 |
 |
Michael IX Palaiologos Μιχαήλ Θ' Παλαιολόγος | Son of Andronikos II | 17 April 1277 | co-emperor in 1281, crowned in 1294/1295. | 12 October 1320 | 12 October 1320 |
 |
Andronikos III Palaiologos Ανδρόνικος Γ' Παλαιολόγος | Son of Michael IX | 25 March 1297 | co-emperor in 1316, rival emperor since July, 1321. Senior emperor on 24 May 1328. | 15 June 1341 | 15 June 1341 |
 |
John V Palaiologos Ιωάννης Ε' Παλαιολόγος | Son of Andronikos III | 18 June 1332 | Emperor in 15 June 1341 | 8 February 1347 | 16 February 1391 |
 |
John VI Kantakouzenos Ιωάννης ΣΤ' Καντακουζηνός | A maternal relative of the Palaiologoi | c. 1292 | rival emperor on 26 October 1341, senior emperor on 8 February 1347. | 4 December 1354 | 15 June 1383 |
| Matthew Kantakouzenos Ματθαίος Καντακουζηνός | Son of John VI, brother-in-law of John V | c. 1325 | co-emperor on 15 April 1353, rival emperor since 4 December 1354. | December, 1357 | between 1383 and 1391 | |
|
John V Palaiologos Ιωάννης Ε' Παλαιολόγος | Son of Andronikos III, son-in-law of John VI | 18 June 1332 | co-emperor in 1347, rival emperor in 1352. Senior Emperor on 4 December 1354 | 12 August 1376 | 16 February 1391 |
 |
Andronikos IV Palaiologos Ανδρόνικος Δ΄ Παλαιολόγος | Son of John V, grandson of John VI | 2 April 1348 | co-emperor c. 1352, Senior Emperor on 12 August 1376 | 1 July 1379 | 28 June 1385 |
|
John V Palaiologos Ιωάννης Ε' Παλαιολόγος | Son of Andronikos III, son-in-law of John VI | 18 June 1332 | Senior Emperor on 1 July 1379 | 14 April 1390 | 16 February 1391 |
| John VII Palaiologos Ιωάννης Ζ' Παλαιολόγος | Son of Andronikos IV | 1370 | Co-emperor from 1376 to 1379, senior emperor on 14 April 1390. | 17 September 1390 | 22 September 1408 | |
|
John V Palaiologos Ιωάννης Ε' Παλαιολόγος | Son of Andronikos III, son-in-law of John VI | 18 June 1332 | Senior Emperor on 17 September 1390 | 16 February 1391 | 16 February 1391 |
 |
Manuel II Palaiologos Μανουήλ Β' Παλαιολόγος | Son of John V, grandson of John VI, brother of Andronikos IV | 27 June 1350 | Co-emperor in 1373, Senior Emperor on 16 February 1391 | 21 July 1425 | 21 July 1425 |
| Andronikos V Palaiologos Ανδρόνικος Ε' Παλαιολόγος | Son of John VII | c. 1400 | co-emperor c. 1403 | c. 1407 | c. 1407 | |
 |
John VIII Palaiologos Ιωάννης Η' | Son of Manuel II | 18 December 1392 | Co-emperor c. 1416, sole emperor on 21 July 1425 | 31 October 1448 | 31 October 1448 |
 |
Constantine XI Palaiologos Κωνσταντίνος ΙΑ' Παλαιολόγος | Son of Manuel II, brother of John VIII | 8 February 1405 | 6 January 1449 | 29 May 1453 | 29 May 1453 |
Palaiologan Dynasty (claimants in exile)[]
| Picture | Name | Status | Birth | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demetrios Palaiologos Δημήτριος Παλαιολόγος | Son of Manuel II, brother of John VIII and Constantine XI | c. 1407 | 1453 | 1460 | 1470 | |
 |
Thomas Palaiologos Θωμάς Παλαιολόγος | Son of Manuel II, brother of John VIII and Constantine XI | c. 1409 | 1453 | 12 May 1465 | 12 May 1465 |
| Andreas Palaiologos Ανδρέας Παλαιολόγος | Son of Thomas | c. 1453 | 12 May 1465 | 1502 | 1502 |
See also[]
- List of Roman and Byzantine empresses
References[]
| |||||||||||||||||||
Template:Byzantine Empire topics
| This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at List of Byzantine emperors. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License. |