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List of cities in the United Kingdom

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This is a list of official cities in the United Kingdom as of 2013.[1] It lists those places that have been granted city status by letters patent or royal charter. There are currently a total of 69 such cities in the United Kingdom: 51 in England, 7 in Scotland, 6 in Wales, and 5 in Northern Ireland.[1] Of these, 23 in England, 2 in Wales, and 1 in Northern Ireland possess Lord Mayors and 4 in Scotland have Lord Provosts. In some cases, the area holding city status does not coincide with the built up area or conurbation of which it forms part. In Greater London, for example, the City of London and that of Westminster each hold city status separately but no other neighbourhood has been granted city status, nor has Greater London as a whole. In other cases, such as the Cities of Canterbury and Lancaster, the status extends over a number of towns and rural areas outside the main settlement proper.[2]

History[]

Main: City status in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

The initial cities (Latin: civitas) of Britain were the fortified settlements organized by the Romans as the capitals of the Celtic tribes under Roman rule. The British clerics of the early middle ages later preserved a traditional list of the "28 Cities" (Template:Lang-owl) which was mentioned by Gildas[4] and listed by "Nennius".[5]

The title of city was initially informal and, into the 20th century, royal charters were considered to recognize city status rather than to grant it.[7] The usual criterion in early modern Britain was the presence of a cathedral, particularly after King Henry VIII granted letters patent establishing six new cities when he established a series of new dioceses in the 1540s as part of the English Reformation.[8] No new cities were created between the 16th and 19th centuries but, following the Industrial Revolution and the accompanying population boom and growth in urbanisation, new sees were established at Ripon (1836) and Manchester (1847); their councils began to style them cities immediately. Inverness in Scotland was even refused a charter during the Jubilee honours of 1897 in part because it would draw more attention to the other traditional "cities" still not formally chartered as such.[2]

Beginning from the mid-19th century, however, the process began to become more formal. A visit by Queen Victoria in 1851 prompted Manchester to petition Parliament for recognition of its status. Ripon followed in the 1860s and a series of hitherto informal "cities" were formally recognized in the 1880s and 1890s. On the basis of its size, importance, and regular government, Belfast was elevated in spite of its lack of a cathedral in 1888; other large municipalities followed, while smaller applicants began to be rejected. King Edward VII and the Home Office established three criteria for future applicants in 1907—a minimum population of 300 000, a good record of local government, and a "local metropolitan character"[2]—but these criteria were not made public and following Leicester's successful elevation in 1919 began a series of exceptions. The 1972 Local Government Act effectively eliminated all authorities holding city status outside of London on April 1, 1974; most of their replacements were confirmed in their predecessor's status—even in cases such as the City of Carlisle's where much of the new area is undeveloped countryside—but the Borough of Medway was not permitted to continue Rochester's title. Elevations to city status are now won through competitions and pretenders to the status are rebuked by the Advertising Standards Authority.

The cities of Scotland and Ireland were treated separately. Scottish towns irregularly applied the description to themselves but were formally organized as royal burghs; the special rights of these were preserved by Article XXI of the Treaty of Union which established the single state of Great Britain in 1707.[9] Edinburgh and Glasgow were confirmed as cities "by ancient usage" in the 18th century,[10] as was Aberdeen, although this was later reconfirmed during the act enlarging the burgh in 1891. Dundee was granted a letter patent in 1889 and Elgin and Perth were recognized as cities by the Home Office in 1972, before the privilege was removed by the Scottish Local Government Act of 1973.[11]

In Ireland, only the seat of the primate at Armagh was accorded city status by ancient usage and this status was abolished by the Irish Municipal Corporations Act of 1840. All other cities have been those explicitly recognized as such.

England[]

City[1] Year granted
or confirmed 		Cathedral
(pre-1888) 		City council Image Population
Bath1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Abbey Church of
SS Peter & Paul4 		Charter trustees Bath, Somerset Panorama - April 2011 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".88,859 (2011)[12]
97,311 (urban area, 2010)[13]
Birmingham2 &0000000000001889000000 188933 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		Birmingham Skyline from Edgbaston Cricket Ground crop 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".1,092,330 (2013)[14]
Bradford1 &0000000000001897000000 1897 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		Bradford City Hall from National Media Museum 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".522,452 (2011)[15]
Brighton & Hove15 &0000000000002000000000 2000 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary) 		Brighton.UK 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".273,369 (2011)[15]
Bristol1 &0000000000001542000000 1542 Cathedral Church of
the Holy & Undivided Trinity 		Local government district
(Unitary and county) 		Bristol cityscape 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".428,234 (2011)[15]
Cambridge3 &0000000000001951000000 195125 not applicable Local government district KingsCollegeChapelWest 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".123,867 (2011)[15]
Canterbury3 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral & Metropolitical Church of
Christ 		Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough) 		View of the city from Augustine House - geograph.org.uk - 1713552 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".151,145 (2011)[15]
Carlisle1 &0000000000001133000000 1133 Cathedral Church of
the Holy & Undivided Trinity 		Local government district Carlisle Cathedral from the Air 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".107,524 (2011)[15]
Chelmsford37 &0000000000002012000000 2012 not applicable Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough) 		Chelmsfordcath 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".168,310 (2011)[15]
Chester3 &0000000000001541000000 1541 Cathedral Church of
Christ & the Blessed Virgin Mary 		Charter trustees‡ Bridge Street, Chester 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".91,733 (urban area, 2010)[13]
Chichester1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
the Holy Trinity 		Civil parish Chichester Cathedral epodkopaev 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".26,795 (2011)[16]
Coventry1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial St Michael's Cathedral5 Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		Skyline of Coventry as seen from Baginton 3g06 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".316,915 (2011)[15]
Derby13 &0000000000001977000000 1977 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary) 		Iron Gate, Derby - geograph.org.uk - 587015 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".248,752 (2011)[15]
Durham1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
Christ & St. Mary the Virgin 		Charter trustees‡ Durham Cathedral from the train viaduct 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".94,375 (2011)[17]
Ely1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
the Holy & Undivided Trinity 		Civil parish Ely Cathedral From Air 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".20,256 (2011)[18]
Exeter1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
St Peter 		Local government district Exeter from Haldon 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".117,773 (2011)[15]
Gloucester1 &0000000000001541000000 1541 Cathedral Church of
St Peter & the Holy and Indivisible Trinity 		Local government district Gloucester and its cathedral - geograph.org.uk - 1454853 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".121,688 (2011)[15]
Hereford119 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
SS Mary the Virgin & Ethelbert the King 		Civil parish Hereford cathedral 002 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".58,896 (2011)[19]
Kingston upon Hull12 &0000000000001897000000 1897 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary) 		Hull from Paull 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".256,406 (2011)[15]
Lancaster1 &0000000000001937000000 193726 not applicable Local government district City of Lancaster (2) 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".138,375 (2011)[15]
Leeds1 &0000000000001893000000 1893 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		LeedsSkyline2013 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".751,485 (2011)[15]
Leicester1 &0000000000001919000000 191922 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary) 		Leicester City Skyline - geograph.org.uk - 514032 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".329,839 (2011)[15]
Lichfield17 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
SS Mary & Chad 		Civil parish Lichfield Cityscape 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".32,219 (2011)[20]
Lincoln3 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
St Mary 		Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough) 		Cathedral and Castle Square - geograph.org.uk - 134108 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".93,541 (2011)[15]
Liverpool2 &0000000000001880000000 1880 Cathedral Church of
Christ 		Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		Pier Head and Mersey Ferry Liverpool 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".466,415 (2011)[15]
City of London6 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
St Paul 		Local government district London November 2013-26 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".7,375 (2011)[15]
Manchester1 &0000000000001853000000 185334 Cathedral & Collegiate Church of
St Mary, St Denys, & St George 		Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		Manchester Skyline 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".503,127 (2011)[15]
Newcastle upon Tyne1 &0000000000001882000000 1882 Cathedral Church of
St Nicholas 		Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		Bridges opening up - geograph.org.uk - 178375 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".280,177 (2011)[15]
Norwich1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
the Holy & Undivided Trinity 		Local government district Norwich Skyline 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".132,512 (2011)[15]
Nottingham1 &0000000000001897000000 1897 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary) 		Clipston Nottingham 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".305,680 (2011)[15]
Oxford1 &0000000000001542000000 1542 Cathedral Church of
Christ 		Local government district Oxford from Boars Hill 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".151,906 (2011)[15]
Peterborough2 &0000000000001541000000 1541 Cathedral Church of
St Peter, St Paul, & St Andrew 		Local government district
(Unitary) 		Peterborough Cathedral oblique view 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".183,631 (2011)[15]
Plymouth1 &0000000000001928000000 192827 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary) 		Plymouth from Mount Batten - geograph.org.uk - 1580485 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".256,384 (2011)[15]
Portsmouth1 &0000000000001926000000 192624 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary) 		Portsmouthskyline 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".205,056 (2011)[15]
Preston14 &0000000000002002000000 2002 not applicable Local government district Preston City Centre 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".140,202 (2011)[15]
Ripon1 &0000000000001836000000 1836 Cathedral Church of
SS Peter & Wilfred 		Civil parish RiponMarket 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".16,702 (2011)[21]
St Albans7 &0000000000001877000000 187736 Cathedral & Abbey Church of
St Alban 		Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough) 		Cathedral 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".140,644 (2011)[15]
Salford1 &0000000000001926000000 192624 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		Mariners Canal from Waterfront Quay, Salford Quays 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".233,933 (2011)[15]
Salisbury35 &0000000000001227000000 1227 Cathedral Church of
St Mary 		Civil parish‡ Salisbury Cathedral 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".40,302 (2011)[22]
Sheffield3 &0000000000001893000000 1893 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		PeaceGdnsSheffd 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".552,698 (2011)[15]
Southampton1 &0000000000001964000000 1964 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary) 		Southampton from Aurora 01 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".236,882 (2011)[15]
Stoke-on-Trent3 &0000000000001925000000 192528 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary) 		Hanley City - geograph.org.uk - 155173 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".249,008 (2011)[15]
Sunderland18 &0000000000001992000000 1992 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		SunderlandBridges 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".275,506 (2011)[15]
Truro1 &0000000000001877000000 1877 Cathedral Church of
St Mary 		Civil parish Truro stmarysst 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".18,766 (2011)[23]
Wakefield3 &0000000000001888000000 1888 Cathedral Church of
All Saints 		Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		Wakefield County Hall 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".325,837 (2011)[15]
Wells1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
St Andrew 		Civil parish Aerial view of Wells-crop 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".10,536 (2011)[24]
City of Westminster21 &0000000000001540000000 1540 Collegiate Church of
St Peter
(Westminster Abbey4) 		Local government district
(London borough) 		Hdr parliament 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".219,396 (2011)[15]
Winchester1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
the Holy Trinity 		Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough) 		Winchester 13 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".116,595 (2011)[15]
Wolverhampton16 &0000000000002000000000 2000 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough) 		St Peter's Church, Wolverhampton 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".249,470 (2011)[15]
Worcester3 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
Christ & St Mary 		Local government district River Severn, Worcester - geograph.org.uk - 894221 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".98,768 (2011)[15]
York18 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral & Metropolitical Church of
St Peter 		Local government district
(Unitary) 		York Minster from the Lendal Bridge 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".198,051 (2011)[15]

Scotland[]

See also: list of royal burghs of Scotland
City Year granted
or confirmed 		Cathedral
(pre-1888) 		City council Image Population
Aberdeen32
(Scots: Aiberdeen)
(Scottish Gaelic: Obar Dheathain) 		&0000000000001179000000 189131
(Burgh: 1179) 		Cathedral Church of St Machar Local government district Aberdeen from Torry - geograph.org.uk - 1454885 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".189,12038
Dundee32
(Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Dèagh) 		&0000000000001191000000 188930
(Burgh: 1191) 		not applicable Local government district Midsummer night^ - geograph.org.uk - 9752 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".153,99038
Edinburgh32
(Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann) 		&0000000000001329000000 18th century[10]
(Burgh: 1329) 		High Kirk of Edinburgh
(St Giles's) 		Local government district Edinburgh from Calton Hill with Dugald Stewart Monument 3 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".468,72038
Glasgow32
(Scots: Glesga)
(Scottish Gaelic: Glaschu) 		&0000000000001492000000 18th century[10]
(Burgh: 1492) 		High Kirk of Glasgow
(St Mungo's) 		Local government district (looking down) Buchannan Street, Glasgow 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".589,90038
Inverness
(Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Nis) 		&0000000000002000000000 2000 not applicable none Inverness view 3 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".57,960[25]
Perth
(Scots: Pairth)
(Scottish Gaelic: Peairt) 		&0000000000002012000000 2012[26]
(Burgh: 12th century)[28] 		not applicable none File:PerthScotland.jpg 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".45,77038
Stirling
(Scots: Stirlin)
(Scottish Gaelic: Sruighlea) 		&0000000000002002000000 2002 not applicable none Stirling(DonaldMacDonald)Dec2005 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".34,79038

Wales[]

City Year granted
or confirmed 		Cathedral
(pre-1888) 		City council Image Population
Bangor1 &0000000000001086000000 time immemorial Cathedral Church of St Deiniol Community Bangor from Bangor-mountain 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".16,358 (2011)[29]
Cardiff9
(Welsh: Caerdydd) 		&0000000000001905000000 190529 not applicable Local government district Cardiff City Hall cropped 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".346,090 (2011)[15]
Newport14
(Casnewydd) 		&0000000000002002000000 2002 not applicable Local government district Newportciviccentre 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".145,736 (2011)[15]
St Asaph37
(Llanelwy) 		&0000000000002012000000 2012 not applicable Community St Asaph, Cathedral 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".3,355 (2011)[30]
St David's20
(Tyddewi) 		&0000000000001994000000 1994 not applicable Community St.Davids, Wales, UK 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".1,841 (2011)[31]
Swansea9
(Abertawe) 		&0000000000001969000000 196923 not applicable Local government district Swansea Railway Station - geograph.org.uk - 1484946 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".239,023 (2011)[15]

Northern Ireland[]

City Year granted
or confirmed 		City council Image Population
Armagh11
(Irish: Ard Mhacha)
(Ulster-Scots: Airmagh) 		&0000000000001994000000 1994 Local government district The Mall, Armagh 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".59,340 (2011)[32]
Belfast
(Irish: Béal Feirste)
(Ulster-Scots: Bilfawst) 		&0000000000001888000000 1888 Local government district Belfast City Hall 2 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".280,962 (2011)[32]
Derry / Londonderry39
(Irish: Doire / Doire Cholmchille)
(Ulster-Scots: Derrie / Lunnonderrie) 		&0000000000001604000000 1604[33] Local government district St Eugene's Cathedral, August 2009 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".107,877 (2011)[32]
Lisburn
(Irish: Lios na gCearrbhach) 		&0000000000002002000000 2002 Local government district Irish Linen Centre Lisburn Museum 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".120,165 (2011)[32]
Newry
(Irish: Iúr Cinn Trá)
(Ulster-Scots: Newrie) 		&0000000000002002000000 2002 none NewrySkyline 0Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ","..Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",".29,946 (2008, settlement population)[34]

Map of the cities[]



Location of cities in the United Kingdom

British Overseas Territories[]

There are a number of cities in the British Overseas Territories, such as the City of James Town on Saint Helena.[35] These are however not part of the United Kingdom.

See also[]

Notes[]

  • ^‡  The status bearers of these cities changed on 1 April 2009 due to local government reforms. Salisbury became a civil parish, while charter trustees were formed for the former district council areas of Chester and Durham in the new unitary authorities of Cheshire West and Chester and County Durham respectively.[36][37]

  • ^1 City Status confirmed by Letters Patent issued under the Great Seal dated 1 April 1974.[38]
  • ^2 City Status confirmed by Letters Patent issued under the Great Seal dated 25 June 1974.[39]
  • ^3 City Status confirmed by Letters Patent issued under the Great Seal dated 28 May 1974.[40]
  • ^4 Bath Abbey and Westminster Abbey are no longer cathedrals.
  • ^5 Coventry has had three cathedrals: the first, St Mary's, from 1043 to 1539; the second, St Michael's, from 1918 to 1940, when it was destroyed by German bombardment; and its replacement, also St Michael's, built alongside the old cathedral, consecrated in 1962.
  • ^6 Note that the City of London covers only the "square mile", and is usually just referred to as "the City". The larger conurbation of Greater London has no city charter, and consists of the City of London, the City of Westminster and 31 other London boroughs. This can be compared to the City of Brussels, within Brussels.
  • ^7 City status was confirmed by Letters Patent dated 9 July 1974.[41] The city status extends to the entire district, although the district council calls itself "St Albans District Council" or "St Albans City and District".
  • ^8 Letters Patent under the Great Seal conferring City Status were issued to the unitary authority of York on 1 April 1996, confirming the right of the Lord Mayor to be styled "Right Honourable", in continuation to those granted to the previous City Council abolished 31 March 1996.[42]
  • ^9 Letters Patent under the Great Seal were issued on 29 March 1996 ordaining that the counties of Swansea and Cardiff should have the status of cities from 1 April 1996. The counties replaced the previous district councils which had enjoyed city status.[42]
  • ^10 According to the Municipal Year Book, 1972 the royal burghs of Perth and Elgin officially enjoyed city status. The royal burghs of Brechin, Dunfermline and Kirkwall had also been officially described as "cities". As all burghs were abolished in 1975, these areas are now often called "former cities". Although Brechin does not have city status, the community council formed for the area uses the title "City of Brechin and District".
  • ^11 Armagh had previously enjoyed city status, with St Patrick's Cathedral the seat of the metropolitan primate of all Ireland. The city status was lost in 1840 when the city corporation was abolished. However, the successor urban district council and district council frequently used the title of city without official sanction prior to 1994.
  • ^12 City Status confirmed by Letters Patent issued under the Great Seal dated 18 March 1975.[43]
  • ^13 City status granted by Letters Patent dated 7 June 1977.[44]
  • ^14 City status granted to the "Town of Newport in the County Borough of Newport" and the "Town of Preston" by Letters Patent dated 15 May 2002.[45]
  • ^15 Letters Patent dated 31 January 2001 ordained that "the Towns of Brighton and Hove shall have the status of a City".[46]
  • ^16 Letters Patent dated 31 January 2001 ordained that "the Town of Wolverhampton shall have the status of a City".[46]
  • ^17 Letters Patent dated 4 November 1980 ordained that the "Town of Lichfield shall have the status of a City". A town council had been constituted in 1980 leading to the dissolution of the Charter Trustees of the City of Lichfield.[47][48]
  • ^18 City status granted by Letters Patent dated 23 March 1992.[49]
  • ^19 City status was conferred on Hereford Town Council 11 October 2000.[50] The status had previously been confirmed to the district council formed in 1974. When that council was abolished in 1996 charter trustees were formed for the City of Hereford. On the formation of a town council for Hereford in April 2000 the charter trustees were dissolved, and the city status temporarily lapsed.
  • ^20 St David's historically had city status because of the presence of St David's Cathedral. In 1849 it was noted that the city had no municipal corporation: There was however a recognised "city" in which a mayor had limited jurisdiction.[51] A Royal Commission appointed in 1876 reported that the corporation had long been extinct, and the city was formally abolished in 1886 under the provisions of the Municipal Corporations Act 1883.[52] Letters Patent dated 16 September 1994 ordained that the "Town of St. David's shall have the status of a City".[53]
  • ^21 The title of City was used "by courtesy" after 1550 when Westminster ceased to be the see of a bishop. By Letters Patent dated 27 October 1900 city status was conferred on the newly created Metropolitan Borough of Westminster from 1 November.[54] This status was continued on the creation of the City of Westminster as a London borough in 1965.
  • ^22 A letter from the Home Secretary to the Mayor of Leicester dated 14 June 1919, confirming that the city status would be bestowed, noted that this was a "restoration to your ancient town of its former status of a city".[55][56][57]
  • ^23 Letters Patent dated 10 December 1969.[58]
  • ^24 Letters Patent dated 21 April 1926.[59]
  • ^25 Letters Patent dated 21 March 1951.[60]
  • ^26 Letters Patent dated 14 May 1937.[61]
  • ^27 Letters Patent dated 18 October 1928.[62]
  • ^28 Letters Patent dated 5 June 1925.[63]
  • ^29 Letters Patent dated 28 October 1905, which also granted the title of Lord Mayor.[64]
  • ^30 Warrant issued 28 January 1889 that Letters Patent be issued under the Seal appointed by the treaty of union to be used in place of the Great Seal of Scotland, ordaining and declaring that the Burgh of Dundee shall be a City, and shall be called and styled "The City of Dundee"[65]
  • ^31 Burghs of Old Aberdeen and Woodside and the district of Torry incorporated as the City and Royal Burgh of Aberdeen by the Aberdeen Corporation Act 1891 (1891 c.cxxiv)
  • ^32 The present council areas are designated "cities" by virtue of the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, which also reserves the post of Lord Provost for the convener of the four councils. The previous local government districts and district councils created by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 enjoyed the same privileges.
  • ^33 Letters Patent dated 14 January 1889[66]
  • ^34 Letters Patent dated 29 March 1853[67]
  • ^35 Letters Patent dated 1 April 2009.[68] City status had been held prior to this date (and since 1974) by the Charter Trustees of the City of New Sarum. The city of Salisbury's formal name was New Sarum (see also: Old Sarum) from 1227 until 2009.
  • ^36 Letters Patent dated 28 August 1877.[69]
  • ^37 Letters Patent dated 1 June 2012 "to ordain that the Town of Chelmsford in the County of Essex and the Town of St Asaph in the County of Denbighshire shall have the status of a City".[70]
  • ^38 Mid-2010 Populations Estimates for Settlements and Localities in Scotland.[71]
  • ^39 Legally, the city and county are called "Londonderry", while the local government district is called "Derry". See Derry/Londonderry name dispute.[72]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c Department for Media, Culture, & Sport. "Civic Honours Competition: UK Cities". The National Archives of the United Kingdom (London), 18 Jan 2011. Accessed 21 Dec 2014.
  2. ^ a b c Beckett (2005).
  3. ^ "JTK". "Civitas" in Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia, Vol. I, p. 451. ABC-CLIO (Sta. Barbara), 2006.
  4. ^ De Excidio Britanniae, §3. (Latin) Cited in the "Civitas" entry of Celtic Culture.[3]
  5. ^ Nennius (attrib.). Theodor Mommsen (ed.). Historia Brittonum, VI. Composed after ad 830. (Latin) Hosted at Latin Wikisource.
  6. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th ed. 1911.
  7. ^ The 11th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, for instance, listed St Asaph and Southwell as cities on the basis of their cathedrals despite their lack of charters or, in Southwell's case, local government.[6]
  8. ^ Beckett (2005), p. 22.
  9. ^ Kingdoms of England and Scotland. "Act of Union", §XXI. 16 January 1707.
  10. ^ a b c d Beckett, J.V. City Status in the British Isles, 1830-2002, pp. 16 ff. Ashgate Publishing, 2005.
  11. ^ Clark, M. Lynda & al. "Committee on Privileges Second Report", Appendix 3, ss58. Parliament of the United Kingdom (London), 1999.
  12. ^ "Bath". BANES 2011 Census Ward Profiles. http://www.bathnes.gov.uk/services/your-council-and-democracy/local-research-and-statistics/census-2011-our-local-population. Retrieved 13 March 2015.  (Combined populations of the 16 wards that make-up the city.)
  13. ^ a b "Mid 2010 Urban Area Estimates England and Wales". Office for National Statistics. 4 September 2012. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/about-ons/business-transparency/ad-hoc-data/people--population-and-community/2012/august/mid-2010-urban-area-syoa-ests-england-and-wales.xls. Retrieved 7 April 2014. 
  14. ^ "UK Population Estimates". (ONS). Retrieved 28 June 2014
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap "2011 Census: KS101EW Usual resident population, local authorities in England and Wales". Office for National Statistics. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks101ew.xls. Retrieved 8 January 2013. 
  16. ^ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Chichester CP
  17. ^ City status extends to the area of the former District of Durham [http://www .durham.gov.uk/Pages/Service.aspx?ServiceId=8168 "Charter trust and Mayor for Durham City"]. Durham County Council. http://www .durham.gov.uk/Pages/Service.aspx?ServiceId=8168. Retrieved 2 February 2013.  "2011 Census Statistical Profile". Durham County Council. http://gis.durham.gov.uk/durobs/ia/ia1008/. Retrieved 2 February 2013. 
  18. ^ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Ely (Cambs) CP
  19. ^ "2011 Census: Usual resident population estimates by broad age group for Wards & Market Towns in Herefordshire". Herefordshire Council. http://www.herefordshire.gov.uk/factsandfigures/docs/Research/Current_Hfds_small_area_popn_ests.xls. Retrieved 8 January 2013. 
  20. ^ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Lichfield CP
  21. ^ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Ripon CP
  22. ^ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Salisbury CP
  23. ^ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Truro CP
  24. ^ "Wells CP - Usual Resident Population, 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=11130266&c=Wells&d=16&e=62&g=6461445&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&o=362&m=0&r=1&s=1419423547127&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2473. Retrieved 24 December 2014. 
  25. ^ From NRS 2010 mid-year estimates, population of Inverness including Culloden - "Highland Profile". Highland Council. http://www.highland.gov.uk/yourcouncil/highlandfactsandfigures/highlandprofile.htm. Retrieved 9 March 2012. 
  26. ^ Letters Patent dated 21 May 2012 "News: The National Records of Scotland seals Perth's city status". National Archives of Scotland. 6 July 2012. http://www.nas.gov.uk/about/120706.asp.  "'We really feel part of history being made' — Letters Patent makes Perth's city status official". The Courier. 5 July 2012. http://www.thecourier.co.uk/News/Perthshire/article/23713/we-really-feel-part-of-history-being-made-letters-patent-makes-perth-s-city-status-official.html. Retrieved 5 July 2012. 
  27. ^ A A M Duncan (24 March 1973). "Perth. The First Century of the Burgh". Transactions of the Perthshire Society of Natural Science. http://www.psns.tsohost.co.uk/archeological/Full%20text.pdf. 
  28. ^ Created a royal burgh at some point under King David I (1124–53) although the earliest surviving charters date to 1209 or 1210; the status was abolished in 1975.[10][27]
  29. ^ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Bangor C
  30. ^ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - St. Asaph C
  31. ^ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - St. David's and the Cathedral Close C
  32. ^ a b c d "Usual Resident Population: KS101NI (administrative geographies)". Census 2011. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/public/pivotgrid.aspx?dataSetVars=ds-2438-lh-37-yn-2011-sk-136-sn-Census%202011-yearfilter--. Retrieved 4 October 2013. 
  33. ^ City commemorates the 400th Anniversary of the City’s first charter, Derry City Council press release dated 7 July 2004, (accessed 15 December 2007)
  34. ^ NISRA
  35. ^ The Government of the United Kingdom. "The St Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha Constitution Order 2009". The National Archives of the United Kingdom (London), 2009.
  36. ^ "Local Government (Structural Changes) (Miscellaneous Amendments and Other Provision) Order 2009". Tow. Office of Public Sector Information. 2009. http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2009/draft/ukdsi_9780111475096_en_5. Retrieved 27 February 2009. 
  37. ^ "New Parish Council for the City of Salisbury". Towards One Council. Wiltshire County Council. http://www.onecouncilforwiltshire.co.uk/index/new-parish-council-city-of-salisbury.htm. Retrieved 27 February 2009. 
  38. ^ London Gazette: no. 46255, p. 4400, 4 April 1974. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  39. ^ London Gazette: no. 46303, pp. 6485–6486, 28 June 1974. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  40. ^ London Gazette: no. 46334, p. 7419, 31 May 1974. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  41. ^ London Gazette: no. 46352, p. 7920, 24 September 1974. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  42. ^ a b London Gazette: no. 54363, p. 4925, 4 April 1996. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  43. ^ London Gazette: no. 46522, p. 3729, 20 March 1975. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  44. ^ London Gazette: no. 47246, p. 7656, 14 June 1977. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  45. ^ London Gazette: no. 56573, p. 6160, 21 May 2002. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  46. ^ a b London Gazette: no. 56109, p. 1431, 2 May 2001. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  47. ^ London Gazette: no. 48364, p. 15451, 7 November 1980. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  48. ^ Lichfield City Council website
  49. ^ London Gazette: no. 52874, p. 5413, 26 March 1992. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  50. ^ Charters of Hereford City Council
  51. ^ Samuel Lewis (ed.), Dale - St. David's, from A Topographical Dictionary of Wales (1849), accessdate=2008-05-15
  52. ^ Municipal Corporations Act 1883 (c.19), S.3 and Sch II, part I
  53. ^ London Gazette: no. 53798, p. 13403, 23 September 1994. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  54. ^ London Gazette: no. 27242, p. 6613, 30 October 1900. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  55. ^ The Times: Leicester, a City: Sequel to the Recent Royal Visit, 17 June 1919
  56. ^ Civic history: The making of a City, (Leicester City Council), accessed 14 February 2008
  57. ^ Leicester: The Dignity of a City 655–1926, Leicester's city status, its loss and its regaining over thirteen centuries by Daniel Williams
  58. ^ London Gazette: no. 44986, p. 12450, 12 December 1969. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  59. ^ London Gazette: no. 33154, pp. 2776–2777, 23 April 1926. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  60. ^ London Gazette, issue no.39201, 13 April 1951
  61. ^ London Gazette, issue no.34400, 21 May 1937
  62. ^ London Gazette, issue no.33433, 26 October 1928
  63. ^ London Gazette, issue no.33063, 3 July 1925
  64. ^ London Gazette: no. 27849, p. 7249, 31 October 1905. Retrieved 22 April 2008.
  65. ^ London Gazette, 29 January 1889
  66. ^ From the London Gazette, January 18, 1889, The Times, 19 January 1889
  67. ^ London Gazette Issue 21426, p.950, 1 April 1853
  68. ^ London Gazette: no. 59250, p. 20329, 24 November 2009.
  69. ^ London Gazette: no. 24502, p. 5185, 11 September 1877. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
  70. ^ London Gazette: no. 60167, p. 11125, 11 June 2012.
  71. ^ "Mid-2010 Population Estimates for Settlements and Localities in Scotland". General Register Office for Scotland. General Register Office for Scotland. 2012. http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/statistics/theme/population/estimates/special-area/settlements-localities/mid-2010/tables.html. Retrieved 1 December 2012. 
  72. ^ Application by Derry City Council for judicial review [2007] NIQB 5 Ref WEAF5707

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