Allama Muhammad Iqbal was born 9 November 1877 in Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan to Shaikh Nur Muhammad and died 21 April 1938 Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan of unspecified causes. He married Karim Bibi 1895 . He married Mukhtar Begum 1909 .
Pedigree
Muhammad Iqbal, son of Sheikh Nur Muhammad son of Shaikh Rafiq (the former Sahaj Ram Sapru, according to one telling). His grandfather Shaikh Rafiq, a Kashmiri, had joined a wave of migration to Sialkot, where he made a living peddling Kashmiri shawls. Shaikh Rafiq had two sons, Shaikh Ghulam Qadir and Shaikh Nur Muhammad.
- As a poet and philosopher, he is often referred to as just "Iqbal" and that name, used alone, almost invariably refers to him, just as "Shakespeare", or "Dickens", or "Rumi" refers to a specific person of that name.
- He is also referred to, in Urdu circles, and especially in Pakistan, as:
- Hakeem ul Ummath ("Doctor of the Ummah"--which is a lot like the Catholic Church uses "Doctor of the Church"; "Ummah" or "Ummath" being the word used by Muslims for the worldwide commity of Muslims)
- Shayar-e-Mashriq ("Poet of the East/Orient")
- Mufakkir-e-Pakistan ("Philosopher/Thinker of Pakisan"; crediting his role in the ideological and intellectual process of the creation of Pakistan. Please note that his role as philosopher and poet is not Pakistan-specific; he died before Pakistan came into existence and his contributions to Urdu and Persian literature and Muslim thought were made in the context of colonial India)
For a detailed biography, see the biography tab.
Siblings
Children
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Mi'raj Iqbal (1895) | |||
| Aftab Iqbal (1899) | |||
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Javed Iqbal | |||
| Munazza (from Sardar Begum) | |||
Siblings
- Shaikh Ata Muhammad, Brother (d. 1940, Sialkot)
- four sisters
- Taleb Bibi (d. 1902, Sialkot)
- Karim Bibi (d. 1958, Sialkot)
- Fatima Bibi (d. Sialkot
- Zainab Bibi (d. Sialkot)
Footnotes (including sources)
| ‡ General |
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