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- AKA: Pepin Carolingian of Italy
- AKA: Pepin III
- King of the Langobardians (Italy) 782-810
- Starts Lombardy Branch of Carolingian dynasty
Biography
Pepin Carolingian of Italy, King of the Lombards, was born 773 in Vermandois, Normandy, France to Charlemagne (747-814) and Hildegard (758-783) and died 8 July 810 Milan, Lombardy, Italy of unspecified causes. He married Bertha of Gellone (c780-) . He married Ingeltrude (c780-) .
Pepin Carolingian, also known as Pepin of Italy or Pepin III, was the king of Italy from 781 to 810. He was the son of Charlemagne, the famous king of the Franks, and his wife Hildegard. Pepin was born in 773, and his birth marked the beginning of the Carolingian dynasty, which would dominate Europe for the next century.[1]
As a young man, Pepin was appointed as king of Italy by his father, Charlemagne, in 781. Charlemagne had conquered Italy in the previous decade, and he installed Pepin as his representative in the region. Pepin was tasked with maintaining order and consolidating Frankish control over the region.[2]
Proving himself as a capable and successful ruler, he was able to maintain good relations with the Papacy, and he worked to promote the interests of the church in Italy. He also conducted successful military campaigns against the Lombards, who had long been a thorn in the side of Frankish rulers in Italy.
In 802, Pepin was instrumental in securing the election of Pope Leo III. The pope had been accused of various crimes by a faction of the Roman aristocracy, and he was forced to flee the city. Pepin intervened on his behalf, and he led an army to Rome to restore Leo to the papacy. This event cemented the close relationship between the Carolingians and the papacy, which would endure for centuries.
Pepin died in 810, and he was succeeded by his son, Bernard. Although Pepin's reign was relatively short, he played an important role in the consolidation of Frankish power in Italy and in the promotion of the church's interests in the region. He was also an important figure in the Carolingian dynasty, which would go on to have a profound impact on the course of European history.
Family History
Research Notes on Wives
There is no definitive answer to who Pepin Carolingian's wife was. There is some uncertainty and debate among historians about his marital status and the identity of his wife or wives.
It's important to note that during the Carolingian era, marriage was often more of a political or strategic alliance than a romantic relationship, and it was not uncommon for rulers to have multiple wives or concubines. Additionally, records from this period are often incomplete or unreliable, so it can be difficult to establish definitive facts about the personal lives of historical figures.
Princess Bertha
Some sources suggest that Pepin was married to a Lombard princess named Bertha, who was the daughter of King Desiderius of the Lombards. However, there is some disagreement among historians about whether this marriage actually took place or whether Bertha was the mother of any of Pepin's children.
Princess Ingeltrude
Other sources suggest that Pepin was married to a woman named Ingeltrude, who was the mother of his sons Bernard and Adelchis. However, the exact identity and origins of Ingeltrude are also uncertain.
Children of Pepin
Pepin Carolingian of Italy had at least two sons, named Bernard and Adelchis, who are known to historians. There is also some speculation that Pepin may have had additional children, but this is uncertain and debated among historians.
Besides his son Bernard, Pepin had five daughters:
- Bernard of Italy (797-818) succeeded Pepin as the king of Italy after his death in 810.
- Adelchis, on the other hand, was involved in several unsuccessful rebellions against his brother Bernard's rule, and eventually fled to Constantinople, where he became a prominent member of the Byzantine court.
- Adelaide, who married Lambert I of Nantes;
- Atala;
- Gundrada;
- Bertha;
- Tetrada, who married Adelaide's stepson, Lambert II of Nantes.
All of whom but the eldest were born between 800 and Pepin's death. All except Adelaide and Tetrada died before their grandfather's death in 814. Pepin was expected to inherit a third of his father's empire, but he predeceased him. The Lombard crown passed on to his illegitimate son Bernard, but the empire went to Pepin's younger brother, Louis the Pious.
Children
Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
Bernard of Italy (797-818) | 797 Vermandois | 17 April 818 Chalon | Cunigunda of Laon (c797-) |
Adelaide of Italy (?-?) | Lambert I de Nantes (-c836) | ||
Adula of Italy (?-?) | |||
Goundrade of Italy (?-?) | |||
Berthe of Italy (?-?) | |||
Theodrade of Italy (?-?) | Lambert II de Nantes (-852) |
Siblings
Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
Pippin the Hunchback (c769-811) | 769 | 811 Prüm | |
Amaudru (c770-) |
Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
Rotrude (775-810) | 770 | 6 June 810 | Rorgon of Maine (c770-839) |
Charles the Younger (c772-811) | 772 | 4 December 811 Bavaria | |
Adelaide (c773-774) | 774 Pavie, Lombardy, Italy | 774 Italy | |
Pepin of Italy (773-810) | 773 Vermandois, Normandy, France | 8 July 810 Milan, Lombardy, Italy | Bertha of Gellone (c780-) Ingeltrude (c780-) |
Louis the Pious (778-840) | 16 April 778 Chasseneuil, France | 20 June 840 Ingelheim am Rhein | Ermengarde of Hesbaye (c778-818) Judith of Bavaria (795-843) Theodelinde of Sens (?-?) |
Lothair (778-c779) | 778 France | 779 | |
Bertha (779-823) | 779 | 823 | Angilbert (c750-814) |
Gisela (781-808) | 781 Milan | 808 | |
Hildegarde (783-783) | 783 France | 783 France |
Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
Adaltrude (774-) | 774 | 852 |
Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
Ruodhaid (c775-852) | 775 | 24 March 852 France |
Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
Theodrada (784-) | 784 | 9 January 849 Argenteuil | |
Hiltrude (787-) | 787 |
Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
Drogo of Metz (801-855) | 17 June 801 | 8 December 855 Luxeuil | |
Hugh (802-844) | 802 | 844 |
Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
Richbod (805-844) | 805 | 844 | |
Theodoric (807-819) | 807 | 819 |
Vital Records
Burial Plot : Italy
- Location: Basilica di San Zeno Maggiore di Verona, Verona, Veneto, Italy
- Pepin Carlingian of Italy at Find A Grave
See Also
Family Ancestry Trees
- Charlemagne Family Ancestry
- Carolingian dynasty
- Pepin - Disambiguation
External Links
- wikipedia:en:Pepin of Italy - Famous People of Wikipedia
- Pepin I, King of the Langobardians at thePeerage
- Pepin, King of Italy - Geni.com
- Pepin Carolingian of Italy at Find A Grave
- Carolingian Family - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
Recommended Contemporary Biographical Sources
Some of the best contemporary reference sources for the life of Pepin Carolingian of Italy include:
- Einhard's "Vita Karoli Magni" (Life of Charlemagne): Einhard was a contemporary of Pepin and Charlemagne and served as a courtier and advisor to both. His biography of Charlemagne, which covers the period of Pepin's reign in Italy, provides a detailed account of the political and military events of the time.
- The "Annales Regni Francorum" (Annals of the Frankish Kingdom): This contemporary chronicle covers the history of the Frankish kingdom from the time of its founding until the early 9th century. It provides valuable information on the events of Pepin's reign in Italy and his relationship with his father Charlemagne.
- The "Liber Pontificalis" (Book of the Popes): This collection of biographies of the popes was compiled in the 9th century and provides important information on the relationship between the papacy and the Carolingian dynasty during Pepin's reign.
- The "Historia Langobardorum" (History of the Lombards): This contemporary account of the Lombards, who were the primary rivals of the Carolingians in Italy, provides valuable insights into the military and political events of Pepin's reign.
- The "Codex Carolinus" (Carolingian Code): This collection of legal documents and letters from the Carolingian period provides insight into the legal and administrative systems that Pepin would have been involved in as a ruler.
- The letters of Alcuin of York: Alcuin was a prominent scholar and advisor in the court of Charlemagne, and his letters provide a valuable perspective on the political and cultural events of the Carolingian dynasty.
Royal Succession Tables
Pepin Carloman Born: April 777 Died: 8 July 810
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Regnal titles | ||
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Preceded by Charlemagne |
King of Italy 15 April 781 – 8 July 810 with Charlemagne (774–814) |
Succeeded by Charlemagne |
References
- ^ Karl Ferdinand Werner, "Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen bis um das Jahr 1000 (1.-8. Generation)", Karl der Große 4 (1967): 403-483
- ^ However exaggerated the title "king of Italy" may seem, it was the one used by his subjects: ..."[Charlemagne] transferred all the kingdom of Italy to his great and glorious son lord Pippin, the great king"... (Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani, in Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores rerum Langobardicarum et Italicarum saec. VI-IX, p.11.)
Footnotes (including sources)
‡ General |
Ω Birth |
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Robin Patterson, AMK152, Phlox, Bergsmit, Rtol, Thurstan, MainTour, Pmalish, Afil