All reigning monarchs of Europe descend from Marie Luise von Hessen-Kassel (1688-1765) and Johan Willem Friso van Nassau-Dietz (1687-1711), and hence from Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Hugh Capet and William the Conqueror. JWF and ML are the most recent common ancestors of today's European monarchs.
The list also includes a number of people who lost their thrones. This list is not complete. Furthermore, there are ex-royals who do not descend from JWF, such as the pretenders of Brazil, France, Germany, and Portugal.
Note that Marie Luise is a fourth cousin, three times removed of Louis XIII, King of France; both descend from Jean VIII de Vendôme (1428-1478); the monarchs of Brazil, France and Portugal descend from Louis XIII. William I, German Emperor is a 10th-great-grandson of Jean VIII.
- 1 Johan Willem Friso x Marie Luise
- -2 William IV, Stadtholder of the Netherlands
- --3 William V, Stadtholder of the Netherlands
- ---4 William I, King of the Netherlands
- ----5 William II, King of the Netherlands
- -----6 William III, King of the Netherlands
- ------7 Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands
- -------8 Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands
- --------9 Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands
- ---------10 Willem-Alexander, King of the Netherlands
- ----5 Frederick, Prince of the Netherlands
- -----6 Louise, Princess of the Netherlands
- ------7 Louise, Princess of Sweden
- -------8 Christian X, King of Denmark
- --------9 Frederick IX, King of Denmark
- ---------10 Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark
- ---------10 Anne-Marie, Queen consort of Greece
- -------8 Haakon VII, King of Norway
- --------9 Olav V, King of Norway
- ---------10 Harald V, King of Norway
- -----6 Mary, Princess of the Netherlands
- ------7 William, King of Albania
- --3 Carolina of Orange-Nassau
- ---4 Frederick William, Duke of Nassau-Weilburg
- ----5 William, Duke of Nassau
- -----6 Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
- ------7 William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
- -------8 Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
- --------9 Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
- ---------10 Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
- -----6 Sophia of Nassau
- ------7 Gustav V, King of Sweden
- -------8 Gustav VI Adolf, King of Sweden
- --------9 Gustav Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten
- ---------10 Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden
- ------7 Carl of Sweden
- -------8 Martha, Queen consort of Norway
- -------8 Astrid, Queen consort of Belgium
- ----5 Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg (niece)
- -----6 Charles Ferdinand of Austria
- ------7 Maria Christina of Austria
- -------8 Alfonso XIII, King of Spain
- --------9 Juan de Borbón, Count of Barcelona
- ---------10 Juan Carlos I, King of Spain
- -----6 Maria Theresa of Austria, Queen consort of the Two Sicilies
- ------7 Maria Annunciata of the Two Sicilies
- -------8 Otto Francis of Austria
- --------9 Charles I, Emperor of Austria
- ------7 Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies
- -------8 Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma
- --------9 Boris III, Tsar of Bulgaria
- ---------10 Simeon II, Tsar of Bulgaria
- ---4 Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg (aunt)
- ----5 Alexander, Duke of Württemberg
- -----6 Francis, Duke of Teck
- ------7 Victoria Mary of Teck (1867-1953)
- -------8 George VI, King of the United Kingdom
- --------9 Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom
- ----5 Amalia of Württemberg
- -----6 Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg
- ------7 Olga Konstantinovna of Russia
- -------8 Constantine I, King of the Hellenes
- --------9 Helen, Queen consort of Romania
- --------9 George II, King of the Hellenes
- --------9 Alexander, King of the Hellenes
- ---------10 Alexandra, Queen consort of Yugoslavia
- --------9 Paul I, King of the Hellenes
- ---------10 Constantine II, King of the Hellenes
- ---------10 Sophia, Queen consort of Spain
- -2 Amalia of Nassau-Dietz
- --3 Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden
- ---4 Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden
- ----5 Charles, Grand Duke of Baden
- -----6 Josephine of Baden
- ------7 Marie Louise of Hohenzollern
- -------8 Albert I, King of Belgium
- --------9 Marie-José, Queen consort of Italy
- --------9 Leopold III, King of Belgium
- ---------10 Josephine-Charlotte, Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg
- ---------10 Baudouin, King of Belgium
- ---------10 Albert II, King of Belgium
- ------7 Carol I, King of Romania
- ------7 Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern
- -------8 Ferdinand I, King of Romania
- --------9 Carol II, King of Romania
- ---------10 Michael, King of Romania
- -----6 Marie von Baden
- ------7 Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton
- -------8 Louis II, Prince of Monaco
- --------9 Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois
- ---------10 Rainier III, Prince of Monaco
- ----------11 Albert II, Prince of Monaco
- ----5 Caroline of Baden
- -----6 Sophie of Bavaria
- ------7 Charles Louis, Archduke of Austria
- -------8 Otto Francis, Archduke of Austria
- --------9 Charles, Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary
- -------8 Elisabeth Amalia of Austria
- --------9 Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein
- ---------10 Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein
- ------7 Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico
- -----6 Amalie Auguste of Bavaria
- ------7 Elizabeth of Saxony
- -------8 Margherita of Savoy
- --------9 Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy
- ---------10 Umberto II, King of Italy
- ---------10 Giovanna, Tsarina consort of Bulgaria
- ----5 Wilhelmina of Baden
- -----6 Marie of Hesse, Tsarina consort of Russia
- ------7 Maria Alexandrovna of Russia
- -------8 Marie of Edinburgh, Queen consort of Romania
- --------9 Maria of Romania, Queen consort of Yugoslavia
- ---------10 Peter II, King of Yugoslavia
- ------7 Alexander III, Tsar of Russia
- -------8 Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia