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- AKA: Rozala of Lombardy
- AKA: Susanna of Ivrea
- 976: Countess Consort of Flanders
- 988: Queen Consort of France
- 987-988: Regent for Flanders
Rozela di Ivrea was born 955 to Berengar II of Italy (900-966) and Willa of Arles (912-970) and died 1003 of unspecified causes. She married Arnulf II of Flanders (c960-988) 968 JL . She married Robert II of France (972-1031) 1 April 988 JL .
Rozala of Italy (also known as Rozala of Lombardy, Rozala of Ivrea or Susanna of Ivrea) was countess consort of Flanders by marriage to Arnulf II of Flanders, and queen of the Franks by marriage to Robert II of France. She was regent of Flanders in 987-988 during the minority of her son Baldwin IV of Flanders.
Biography
Rozala (Susanna), born sometime between 950 and 960, was the daughter of King Berengar of Ivrea, King of Italy (c. 900 – 966).[1] Her mother was Willa of Tuscany, the daughter of Boso, Margrave of Tuscany and his wife Willa.[2]
1st Marriage: Arnulf II of Flanders
In 976, she married Arnulf II of Flanders (c960-988) Count of Flanders.[3] On her husband's death in 987, she became as regent for her young son. She lost the regency the following year, when she married again. Flanders were under threat from France, and to avoid this threat, she arranged a marriage with the son of the king of France. Upon marriage, her regency was turned over to her mother-in-law, her son's paternal grandmother Matilda of Saxony, countess of Flanders.[4]
2nd Marriage: Robert II of France
Rozala (renamed Susanna) of Italy, as Countess of Flanders (late years of 15th century).
First wife of French King Robert II of France (972-1031) was Rosella of Italy (945-1003), a noblewoman from Italy. They were married in 988, but the marriage was annulled in 992 due to consanguinity (they were too closely related). (Yes, she was 22 years old than him also!)
Immediately after associating his son with the throne, Hugh Capet wanted Robert II to marry a royal princess, but the prohibition against marriage within the third degree of consanguinity obliged him to seek a bride in the East. He had a letter written by Gerbert of Aurillac asking the Byzantine Emperor Basil II for the hand of one of his nieces for Robert II; however, no Byzantine response is recorded.[5] After this rebuff, and under pressure from his father (who apparently wanted to reward the Flemish for their help when he seized power in 987),[6] Robert II had to marry Rozala, daughter of Berengar II of Ivrea, King of Italy and widow of Arnulf II, Count of Flanders. The wedding, celebrated before 1 April 988, brought Robert II possession of the cities of Montreuil and Ponthieu and a possible guardianship over the County of Flanders, given the young age of Rozala's son Baldwin IV, for whom she had been acting as regent ever since her first husband's death.[7][8]
Upon her marriage, Rozala became junior Queen consort of the Franks and took the name of Susanna;[9][10] however, after about three or four years of marriage (c. 991–992), the young Robert II repudiated her,[11] due to the excessive age difference between them (Rozala was almost 22 years older than him [12] and probably too old to have more children). In fact, the breakup was justified by the absence of a child from their union and, for this reason, Hugh Capet and his advisers did not oppose the annulment proceedings.
Children
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Baldwin IV of Flanders (980-1036) | 980 | 30 May 1036 | Ogive von Luxemburg (c990-1036) Eleanor of Normandy (c1012-aft1071) |
| Mathilda of Flanders (?-995) | 995 | ||
Siblings
| Name | Birth | Death | Joined with |
| Adalberto di Ivrea (c934-971) | 934 | 30 April 971 Autun, France | Gerberga de Macon (-c988) |
| Guido di Ivrea (940-965) | 940 | 25 June 965 | |
| Corrado Cono di Ivrea (?-c1000) | 1000 | Richilda Glaber (?-?) | |
| Gisla di Ivrea (?-?) | Ramboldo (?-bef1040) | ||
| Gilberga di Ivrea (945-?) | 945 | Aleramo del Marchio del Monferrato (?-c977) | |
| Rozela di Ivrea (955-c1003) | 955 | 1003 | Arnulf II of Flanders (c960-988) Robert II of France (972-1031) |
| Berta di Ivrea (?-?) | |||
See Also
- Charlemagne Family Ancestry
- Capetian dynasty
- wikipedia:en:Rozala of Italy
- Rozela d'Ivrea at thePeerage
- Capetian Kings - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
- Rozala of Italy - Geni.com
- Rosele “Susannah” of Italy at Find A Grave
- Bouchard, Constance B. (1981). "Consanguinity and Noble Marriages in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries". Speculum 56.2 (April) (2): 268–287. DOI:10.2307/2846935. PMID 11610836.
- Bouchard, Constance B. (1987). Sword, Miter, and Cloister: Nobility and the Church in Burgundy, 980–1188. Cornell University Press.
- Nicholas, David (1992). Medieval Flanders. Longman.
- Palmer, James (2014). The Apocalypse in the Early Middle Ages. Cambridge University Press.
- Theis, Laurent (1990). "Nouvelle histoire de la France médiévale" (in fr). L'Héritage des Charles: De la mort de Charlemagne aux environs de l'an mil – Points. Histoire 2.
- Theis, Laurent (1999) (in fr). Robert le Pieux. Paris: Perrin. ISBN 978-2-262-01375-2.
- Vasiliev, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich (1951). "Hugh Capet of France and Byzantium". Dumbarton Oaks Papers 6: 227–251. DOI:10.2307/1291087.
- Werner, Karl Ferdinand (1990) (in fr). Dieu, les rois et l'Histoires. Paris: Seuil.
- Pfister, Charles (1885) (in fr). Etudes sur le règne de Robert le Pieux. Paris. pp. 41–69.
References
- ^ Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 5
- ^ Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 59
- ^ Vasiliev 1951, p. 233-234.
- ^ Histoire des comtes de Flandre jusqu'à l'avènement de la maison de Bourgogne - Edward Le Glay - 1843
- ^ Bouchard 1981, p. 274, 276.
- ^ Nicholas 1992, p. 45.
- ^ Theis 1999, pp. 53–55.
- ^ Pierre Riché, Les Carolingiens, une famille qui fit l’Europe (in French). Hachette, Paris, 1997, p. 303.
- ^ Pfister1885, p. 41–69.
- ^ Bouchard 1981, p. 273.
- ^ Thierry Deslot, Impératrices et reines de France (in French). Editions de la Bruyère, 1996. ISBN 978-2840142799
- ^ Vasiliev 1951, p. 233–234.
| Royal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Vacant Title last held by Adelaide of Aquitaine
|
Queen consort of the Franks 996 |
Succeeded by Bertha of Burgundy |
Footnotes (including sources)
| ‡ General |
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