View source for Scituate, Massachusetts


{{bdm}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Scituate, Massachusetts
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    = 
|image_skyline            = The River and Town,_Scituate,_MA.jpg
|imagesize                = 250px
|image_caption            = Scituate Harbor
|image_seal               = 
|image_flag               = 
|image_map                = Scituate_ma_highlight.png
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location in Plymouth County in Massachusetts
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             = 
|subdivision_type         = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1        = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Massachusetts]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Plymouth County, Massachusetts|Plymouth]]
|established_title        = Settled
|established_date         = 1630
|established_title2       = Incorporated
|established_date2        = 1636
|established_title3       = 
|established_date3        = 
|government_type          = [[Open town meeting]]
|leader_title             = <!--[[Town Administrator|Town<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Administrator]]-->
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = <!--Board of <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Selectmen-->
|leader_name1             = 
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 82.4
|area_total_sq_mi         = 31.8
|area_land_km2            = 44.5
|area_land_sq_mi          = 17.2
|area_water_km2           = 37.8
|area_water_sq_mi         = 14.6
|population_as_of         = 2000
|settlement_type          = [[New England town|Town]]
|population_total         = 17863
|population_density_km2   = 401.4
|population_density_sq_mi = 1039.6
|elevation_m              = 9
|elevation_ft             = 30
|timezone                 = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|coordinates_type         = type:landmark_region:US
|coordinates_display      = inline,title
|latd = 42 |latm = 11 |lats = 45 |latNS = N
|longd = 70 |longm = 43 |longs = 35 |longEW = W
|website                  = http://www.town.scituate.ma.us/
|postal_code_type         = ZIP code
|postal_code              = 02066
|area_code                = [[Area code 339|339]] / [[Area code 781|781]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 25-60330
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0618352
|footnotes                = 
}}
'''Scituate''' ({{IPA-en|ˈsɪtʃuːɨt|pron}}) is a seacoast town in [[Plymouth County, Massachusetts|Plymouth County]], [[Massachusetts]], [[United States]], on [[Cape Cod Bay]] midway between [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]] and [[Plymouth, Massachusetts|Plymouth]]. The population was 17,863 at the 2000 census.

For geographic and demographic information on the village of North Scituate, which is a part of Scituate, please see the article [[North Scituate, Massachusetts]].

==History==
Scituate was settled by a group of people from Plymouth about 1627, who were joined by immigrants from the County of [[Kent]] in England. They were initially governed by the [[General Court of Plymouth]], but in 1636 the town incorporated as a separate entity. The name Scituate is derived from "satuit," the [[Wampanoag]] term for cold brook, which refers to a brook that runs to the inner harbor of the town. In 1710 several residents emigrated to Rhode Island and founded [[Scituate, Rhode Island]], naming it after their previous hometown.

Twelve homes and a sawmill were destroyed in [[King Philip's War]] in 1676.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc/mhcpdf/townreports/SE-Mass/sci.pdf |title=MHC Reconnaissance Survey Town Report SCITUATE |accessdate= |author= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |year=1981 |month= |work= Florida Today |publisher=Florida Today |pages=4 |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>

In 1717 the western portion of the original grant was separated and incorporated as the town of [[Hanover, Massachusetts|Hanover]], and in 1788 a section of the town was ceded to [[Marshfield, Massachusetts|Marshfield]]. In 1849 another western section became the town of South Scituate, which later changed its name to [[Norwell, Massachusetts|Norwell]]. Since then, the borders have remained essentially unchanged.

[[Fishing]] was a significant part of the local economy in the past, as well as the [[Chondrus crispus|sea mossing]] industry. A small fishing fleet is still based in Scituate Harbor, although today the town is mostly residential.

In 1810, a lighthouse was erected on the northern edge of Scituate Harbor. This lighthouse is now known as [[Old Scituate Light]]. During the [[War of 1812]], a British naval raiding party was deterred by the two daughters of the lighthouse keeper playing a fife and drum loudly. The girls and this incident became known as the "[[American Army of Two]]" or "Lighthouse Army of Two".

Another notable lighthouse, [[Minot's Ledge Light]], stands approximately one mile off Scituate Neck.

[[Samuel Woodworth]]'s Old Oaken Bucket house is located in Scituate. The town is also home to the Lawson Tower, a water tower surrounded by a wooden façade, with an observation deck with views of most of the South Shore from the top.

Scituate used to be the site of [[international broadcasting]] [[radio]] station [[WNYW]], which broadcast on the [[shortwave]] bands in the late 1960s.

==Geography==
[[Image:Scituate Lighthouse.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Scituate Lighthouse, Scituate Harbor.]]
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of 31.8&nbsp;[[square mile]]s (82.4&nbsp;[[km²|km<sup>2</sup>]]), of which, 17.2&nbsp;square miles (44.5&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) of it is land and 14.6&nbsp;square miles (37.8&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) of it (45.94%) is water. Scituate is bordered on the east by [[Massachusetts Bay]], on the south by [[Marshfield, Massachusetts|Marshfield]], on the west by [[Norwell, Massachusetts|Norwell]] and [[Hingham, Massachusetts|Hingham]], all of which are in Plymouth County, and on the northwest by [[Cohasset, Massachusetts|Cohasset]], in [[Norfolk County, Massachusetts|Norfolk County]]. The town is nineteen miles northeast of [[Brockton, Massachusetts|Brockton]], and twenty-five miles southeast of [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]].

Scituate is considered a [[South Shore, Massachusetts|South Shore]] community, located just south of the mouth of greater [[Boston Harbor]]. The town is not contiguous; [[Humarock]] is a part of Scituate which can only be reached from Marshfield. The latter was formerly connected to the town, but that connection was lost when the mouth of the South River shifted shifted northward as the result of the [[Portland Gale]] of 1898. The town's shore varies, with the south (along the mouth of the North River) being surrounded by salt marshed, the middle (around Scituate Harbor) being sandy, and the coast of Scituate Neck (Minot) in the north exhibiting exposed granite bedrock. It is off these rocks that Minot's Ledge lies, home to the town's most famous lighthouse. The inland of the town is mostly wooded, with several brooks and rivers (including Satuit or "Cold Brook", for which the town is named) running through.

The town has no freeways running through it; [[Massachusetts Route 3|Route 3]] runs through neighboring Norwell. [[Route 3A (Massachusetts)|Route 3A]] runs through the town, and is known as Chief Justice Cushing Highway for this stretch, named for Chief Justice [[William Cushing]] (1732–1810). The only other state highway in town is [[Route 123 (Massachusetts)|Route 123]], which terminates at Route 3A, just 0.7 miles from the town line.

There is no air service in town; the closest regional airport is [[Marshfield Municipal Airport (Massachusetts)|Marshfield Municipal Airport]], and the closest national and international air service is at [[Logan International Airport]] in Boston. There are two [[MBTA]] [[Greenbush Line|commuter rail stations]]. One being just off Route 3A in [[North Scituate (MBTA station)|North Scituate]], and the other just east of the intersection of Routes 3A and 123 in the [[Greenbush (MBTA station)|Greenbush neighborhood]], which is the line's eastern terminus. The line is connected to an existing line in Braintree, providing service to [[South Station (Boston)|South Station]] in Boston.<ref>[http://www.cbbgreenbush.com/ MBTA CBB Greenbush Construction Project website]</ref>
Named places in the town include:<ref name="masos">[http://www.sec.state.ma.us/cis/cisuno/unoidx.htm CIS: Unincorporated and Unofficial Names of Massachusetts Communities<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
* Egypt
* First Cliff
* Greenbush (Green Bush)
* Hatherly
* [[Humarock]]
* [[Lawson Tower]], a historic water tower which is visible from several miles out at sea
* [[Minot, Massachusetts|Minot]], including Minot Beach
* [[North Scituate, Massachusetts|North Scituate Village]] (formerly Gannett Corner)
[[File:Scituate Beach Massachusetts Thomas Doughty.jpeg|thumb|right|300px|''Scituate Beach, Massachusetts'', [[Thomas Doughty (artist)|Thomas Doughty]], 1837]]
* Peggotty Beach
* Rivermoor
* Second Cliff
* Shore Acres
* Sodham
* The Glades
* Sand Hills
* The Connolly House
* Third Cliff

"The Harbor" refers to the business district as well as the harbor itself.

Scituate Harbor is used mostly by pleasure boaters and fisherman.<ref>http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/nsd/coastpilot/files/cp1/CP1-39ed-Ch12_1.pdf, p. 4, line 20-24.]</ref>

==Demographics==
[[Image:The Stanley House, Scituate, MA.jpg|thumb|left|''The Stanley House'' in c. [[1905]]]]
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 17,863 people, 6,694 households, and 4,920 families residing in the town. The [[population density]] was 1,039.6 people per square mile (401.5/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 7,685 housing units at an average density of 447.3/sq&nbsp;mi (172.7/km<sup>2</sup>). The racial makeup of the town was 96.71% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.49% [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.03% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.45% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.01% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 1.29% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.01% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.83% of the population.

There were 6,694 households out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.5% were non-families. 22.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the town the population was spread out with 26.1% under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 91.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $70,868, and the median income for a family was $86,058. Males had a median income of $60,322 versus $40,200 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $33,940. About 1.4% of families and 2.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 1.5% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over.

==Transportation==
There are no divided highways that run through Scituate, however, there are two state roads, [[Massachusetts Route 3A (south)|Route 3A]] and [[Massachusetts Route 123|Route 123]]. The nearest airport to Scituate is [[Marshfield Municipal Airport (Massachusetts)|Marshfield Municipal Airport]]. The nearest national and international air service can be reached at [[Logan International Airport]] in [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]]. [[T. F. Green Airport]], located outside [[Providence, Rhode Island]], is an alternative to this airport, although it is located further away.

The [[Greenbush Line]] of the [[MBTA Commuter Rail]] begins in Scituate with the [[Greenbush (MBTA station)|Greenbush]] station, proceeds north to Scituate's second stop, in [[North Scituate (MBTA station)|North Scituate]], where it continues to Cohasset and Hingham and finally [[South Station]] in Boston. The ride into Boston lasts approximately forty-five minutes.

==Government==
[[Image:Minot Ledge Light, Scituate, MA.jpg|thumb|right|''Minot Ledge Light'' in c. 1905]]
On the national level, Scituate is a part of [[Massachusetts's 10th congressional district]], and is currently represented by [[Bill Delahunt]]. The state's senior ([[Classes of United States Senators#Class II|Class II]]) member of the [[United States Senate]], re-elected in 2008, is [[John Kerry]]. The junior ([[Classes of United States Senators#Class I|Class I]]) senator, elected in 2010, is [[Scott Brown]].

On the state level, all of Scituate's voting precincts are represented in the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]] as a part of the Fourth Plymouth district, which also includes the town of Marshfield. The state representative for these precincts is Jim Cantwell. The third precinct is a part of the Third Plymouth district, which includes Hingham, Hull and Cohasset, and is represented by Garrett Bradley. The town is represented in the [[Massachusetts Senate]] as a part of the Plymouth and Norfolk district, which includes the towns of Cohasset, Duxbury, Hingham, Hull, Marshfield Norwell and Weymouth. The current state senator is Robert Hedlund <ref>[http://www.mass.gov/legis/citytown.htm Index of Legislative Representation by City and Town, from Mass.gov]</ref>

Scituate is governed on the local level by the [[open town meeting]] form of government, and is led by a town administrator and a [[board of selectmen]]. The town hall, police and fire station 3 are all located in buildings along Route 3A, just down the street from the traditional center of town. There is also a firehouse in Humarock and the Fire Headquarters is on First Parish Rd near Scituate Harbor. Emergency services are also provided by the town, with the nearest hospitals being located in Quincy, Weymouth, Plymouth, and Brockton. There are four post offices throughout the town, located in Humarock, near the harbor and the neck, and in North Scituate, just off the right-of-way of the Greenbush line and adjacent to the site of the station. The Scituate Town Library is located near Scituate Center, and is a member of the Old Colony Library Network (OCLN). The town also operates a highway department, as well as several parks, beaches and marinas. The [[United States Coast Guard|Coast Guard]] also has a station at Scituate Harbor, just opposite First Cliff.

In 2002, Scituate voters adopted the [[Community Preservation Act]] (CPA) for the acquisition, preservation, restoration or creation of open space, historical purposes, land for recreational use and the creation and support of community housing. Since then, voters have approved funding for many noteworthy projects: restoration of historic treasures like [[Lawson Tower]], Cudworth House, and Stockbridge Mill; purchase of increasingly threatened open space – roughly 120 acres to date containing much wildlife and scenic trails; construction of recreational facilities at Hatherly and Cushing Schools, along with Community Basketball courts at [[Scituate High School]].

{| class=wikitable
! colspan = 6 | Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of October 15, 2008<ref>{{cite web|title = Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 15, 2008 | publisher = Massachusetts Elections Division | format = PDF | accessdate = 2010-05-08 | url = http://www.sec.state.ma.us/ele/elepdf/st_county_town_enroll_breakdown_08.pdf}}</ref>
|-
! colspan = 2 | Party
! Number of Voters
! Percentage
{{American politics/party colors/Democratic/row}}
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| align = center | 3,689
| align = center | 27.65%
{{American politics/party colors/Republican/row}}
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| align = center | 2,282
| align = center | 17.11%
{{American politics/party colors/Independent/row}}
| Unaffiliated
| align = center | 7,314
| align = center | 54.83%
{{American politics/party colors/Libertarian/row}}
| Minor Parties
| align = center | 55
| align = center | 0.41%
|-
! colspan = 2 | Total
! align = center | 13,340
! align = center | 100%
|}

==Education==
Scituate's public schools provide co-ed classes for grades K–12. Hatherly Elementary School, Cushing Elementary School, Wampatuck Elementary School and (the most recently opened) Jenkins Elementary School serve grades K–6, [[Gates Intermediate School|Lester J. Gates Intermediate School]], known just as "Gates" to most residents, serves grades seven and eight, and [[Scituate High School (Massachusetts)|Scituate High School]] serves 9–12. Scituate High's teams are known as the Sailors, and their colors are blue and white. The teams compete in the MIAA's Division 3, in the Patriot League. Their chief rival is Hingham, whom they play in their annual [[Thanksgiving Day]] football game.

High school students may also choose to attend [[South Shore Vocational Technical High School]] in Hanover free of charge. Also, many students, specifically in high school, commute to private schools in and around Boston, most commonly, [[Thayer Academy]] and [[Archbishop Williams High School|Archbishop Williams]] in Braintree, [[Boston College High School]] (boys only) in Dorchester, and [[Notre Dame Academy (Hingham, Massachusetts)|Notre Dame Academy]] (girls only) in Hingham. B.C. High enrolled 61 young men from Scituate in the 2005–2006 school year.

==Notable residents==
[[Image:Scituate - Lawson Tower.JPG|thumb|left|200px|Lawson Tower, Scituate Center.]]
* Rebecca and Abigail Bates, known as the "[[American Army of Two]]," fended off the British army near the Scituate lighthouse with a fife and drum during the War of 1812
* [[George William Casey Jr.]], [[Chief of Staff of the United States Army]] (2007–)
* [[Claire Cook]], author of several novels, including ''Must Love Dogs'', which was adapted as a 2005 feature film starring John Cusack and Diane Lane
* [[William Cushing]], one of the original six justices on the [[US Supreme Court]].
* [[Ted Donato]], former Harvard hockey captain with a 13-year NHL career, who won an NCAA championship; played in the Olympics
* [[Henry Dunster]], first president of Harvard University, Puritan/Baptist minister
* [[Nick Flynn]], a writer and poet whose autobiographical ''[[Another Bullshit Night in Suck City]]'' currently has director [[Paul Weitz (filmmaker)|Paul Weitz]] attached to adapt into a film
* [[Scott McMorrow]], award-winning playwright and poet
* [[Jacques Futrelle]], journalist, author, who died in the sinking of the Titanic in 1912
* [[Mark Goddard]], actor known for his role as "Major Don West" in the series ''[[Lost in Space]]''
* [[Mike Hoffman]], AHL player for the Chicago Wolves
* [[John McDonald (baseball)]], Shortstop for the [[Toronto Blue Jays]]
* [[Charles Kerins]], artist, illustrator, known for Red Sox yearbook covers and paintings of small town American childhood in the 1950s and 1960s.
* [[Bruce Laird (American football)|Bruce Laird]], former NFL football player for [[History of the Indianapolis Colts|Baltimore Colts]], 1972–1981 (Pro Bowl 1972), and [[San Diego Chargers]], 1982–1983
* [[Thomas W. Lawson (businessman)|Thomas W. Lawson]], stock promoter, financial reformer, built his Dreamwold estate in Scituate
* [[Jim Lonborg]], [[Cy Young Award]]-winning former Major League Baseball starting pitcher for the Boston Red Sox.
* [[Joseph D. Malone]], former Massachusetts treasurer
* [[Tom McCall]], Governor of [[Oregon]] from 1966–1974, was born in Scituate. A Trailblazing environmentalist who was a pace setter for conservation in the '70s and '80s by instituting many novel ideas such as the bottle bill, odd-even gas rationing and the banning of electrical outdoor signs during the energy crisis
* [[Dave Silk]], former NHL [[ice hockey]] forward known for being a member of the [[Miracle on Ice]] 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the gold medal
* [[Billy Tibbetts]], former NHL player, [[New York Rangers]], [[Philadelphia Flyers]], [[Pittsburgh Penguins]]
* [[Peter Tolan]], writer, director <ref>[http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800020242/bio Yahoo Movies on Tolan]</ref>
* [[Mike Wankum]], weatherman for [[WCVB-TV]] News Channel
* [[Ryan Whitney]], NHL defenseman for the [[Edmonton Oilers]]
* [[Scott Snibbe]], media artist, grew up in Scituate.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.town.scituate.ma.us Town website]
* [http://www.scituatehistoricalsociety.org/ Scituate Historical Society]
* [http://www.ScituateCPC.org/ Scituate Community Preservation Committee]
* [http://www.scituatetownlibrary.org/ Scituate Town Library]
** [http://members.aol.com/wildwudy/pubpage.htm Page about early settler Walter Woodworth including a map of early Scituate]


{{Plymouth County, Massachusetts}}

[[Category:Established in 1630]]
[[Category:coastal settlements in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Towns in Plymouth County, Massachusetts]]

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[[Category:Scituate, Massachusetts| ]]