Villers-Bretonneux

Villers-Bretonneux
Town hall
Villers-Bretonneux
Coordinates: 49°52′03″N 2°31′15″E
Country	France
Region	Hauts-de-France
Department	Somme
Arrondissement	Amiens
Canton	Corbie
Intercommunality	Val de Somme
Government
• Mayor (2008–2014)	Patrick Simon
Area1	14.51 km2 (5.60 sq mi)
Population (2006)2	4,135
• Density	280/km2 (740/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code	80799 / 80800
Elevation	45–107 m (148–351 ft) (avg. 91 m or 299 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Villers-Bretonneux is a commune in the Somme department in Picardie in northern France.

Geography

Villers-Bretonneux is situated some 19 km due east of Amiens, on the D1029 road and the A29 motorway.

History - World War I

Main articles The first battle of Villers Bretonneux and Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux

Cross planted in France by soldiers to honour the fallen. Now part of the war memorial in Adelaide.

In the First World War, on 24 April 1918, the small town of Villers-Bretonneux was the site of the world's first battle between two tank forces: three British Mark IVs against three German A7Vs. The Germans took the town, but that night and the next day it was recaptured by 4th and 5th Division of the AIF at a cost of over twelve hundred Australian lives. The town's mayor spoke of the Australian troops on 14 July 1919 when unveiling a memorial in their honour:

"The first inhabitants of Villers-Bretonneux to re-establish themselves in the ruins of what was once a flourishing little town have, by means of donations, shown a desire to thank the valorous Australian Armies, who with the spontaneous enthusiasm and characteristic dash of their race, in a few hours drove out an enemy ten times their number...They offer a memorial tablet, a gift which is but the least expression of their gratitude, compared with the brilliant feat which was accomplished by the sons of Australia...Soldiers of Australia, whose brothers lie here in French soil, be assured that your memory will always be kept alive, and that the burial places of your dead will always be respected and cared for..."

The people of Villers-Bretonneux continue to express gratitude to Australia to this day. The Australian War Memorial in France is located just outside Villers-Bretonneux and in front of it lie the graves of over 770 Australian soldiers, as well as those of other British Empire soldiers involved in the campaign. The school in Villers-Bretonneux was rebuilt using donations from school children of Victoria (many of whom had relatives perish in the town's liberation), and above every blackboard is the inscription "N'oublions jamais l'Australie" (Let us never forget Australia). The annual ANZAC Day ceremony is held at this village on Anzac Day, 25 April, each year. Traditionally, Australian commemorations have focussed on Gallipoli. However, the 2008 ANZAC Day commemoration focussed on the Western Front, and a special dawn service marking the 90th anniversary of the battle of 24/25 April 1918 was held on Anzac Day itself at Villers-Bretonneux.

Population

Historical population of Villers-Bretonneux

1968	1969	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006
3474	3342	3473	3347	3686	3952	4135
From the year 1962 on: population without double counting—residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel) are counted only once.

Places of interest

Delacour’s château, or, as the Anzacs called it, the "Red château" served as headquarters and billets for the Generals during the Battle of the Somme. Marshal Foch stayed there. At the end of fighting in November 1918 it became the local headquarters of the Imperial (later Commonwealth) Graves Commission. Later abandoned, it was extensively cannibalised for rebuilding materials. Its skeleton, which remained as a tourist attraction until 2004, was razed in that year and all traces of it were removed, allegedly to make way for a supermarket.

See also

• Communes of the Somme department

References

• INSEE

Image gallery

The Australian War Memorial in Villers-Bretonneux - in front of it lie the graves of over 770 Australian soldiers, as well as those of other Commonwealth soldiers.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Villers-Bretonneux

• Official website of Villers-Bretonneux (French)
• Villers Bretonneux, diggerhistory.info
• Villers-Bretonneux, quid.fr (French)
• Bound by history, French children honour their debt
• Culture Victoria – historical images of the rebuilding of the Villers-Bretonneux School