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Washington County, Utah
WashingtonCountyCourthouseStGeorgeUT1992
Washington County Hall of Justice, May 1992
Map of Utah highlighting Washington County
Location in the state of Utah
Map of the U.S
Utah's location in the U.S.
Founded March 3, 1852
Named for George Washington
Seat St. George
Largest city St. George
Area
 - Total
 - Land
 - Water

2,430 sq mi (6,294 km²)
2,426 sq mi (6,283 km²)
3.6 sq mi (9 km²), 0.1
Population
 - (2020)
 - Density

180,279
Congressional district 2nd
Time zone Mountain: UTC-7/-6
Website www.washco.state.ut.us
Wactyutah5thdist

Washington County 5th District Courthouse, 2010

Road to Zion

Road to Zion National Park

Washington County is a county in the southwestern corner of Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 180,279,[1] making it the fifth-most populous county in Utah. Its county seat and largest city is St. George.[2] The county was created in 1852 and organized in 1856.[3] It was named after the first President of the United States, George Washington. In 2008, a Yahoo News article stated that Washington County had the fifth-highest job-growth rate in the United States.[4] A portion of the Paiute Indian Reservation is in western Washington County. Washington County comprises the St. George, UT Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History[]

See Also

The earliest settlement was Fort Harmony in 1852. Santa Clara was established in 1854 as a mission to the natives who lived on the Santa Clara River. Hamblin and Pinto were settled along the Los Angeles - Salt Lake Road in 1856, as was Gunlock in 1857.

Next came the settlements established as colonies to grow cotton, before the beginning of the American Civil War. They were located along the Virgin River, in the warmer climate below the Great Basin, that was called Utah's Dixie. The first were Virgin, and Washington in 1857. Heberville,[5] Pintura and Toquerville followed in 1858, Grafton, Harrisburg and Pine Valley in 1859, Adventure in 1860, Duncans Retreat, Northrop,[6] Shonesburg[7][6] and St. George in 1861.[8]

Fort Harmony, Adventure, and Northrup were abandoned, and Santa Clara, St. George, Washington, Harrisburg, Heberville, Grafton, and Duncans Retreat were nearly destroyed by the Great Flood of 1862 that followed 44 days of rainfall in January and February 1862.[9] New Harmony, Springdale and Rockville were founded in 1862 by settlers flooded out of Fort Harmony, Adventure, Northrup and other places in the vicinity. Harrisburg was relocated.

Shoal Creek later called Hebron, was a ranching community established in 1862 in the west of the county. Leeds was settled in 1867, and Silver Reef was a mining town begun in 1875 and abandoned by 1891 due to the collapse in silver prices.[8]

The Utah Territory legislature created Washington County on March 3, 1852. It was not organized at that time, and it was attached to Iron County for administrative and judicial purposes. This continued until February 23, 1856, when the organization was completed, Saint George was listed as the county seat, and the attachment to Iron was terminated. The county boundaries were altered a dozen times after that; but its boundaries have retained their present configuration since March 10, 1892.[10]

Geography[]

Washington County lies at the southwest corner of Utah. Its south border abuts the north border of the state of Arizona and its west border abuts the east border of the state of Nevada. Its terrain is rough and arid, with little area devoted to agriculture. It is a mixture of mountains and flat stretches.[11] The terrain slopes to the south and west; the lowest point in the state of Utah is located in the Beaver Dam Wash in Washington County, where it (seasonally) flows out of Utah and into Arizona, at 2,178' (664m) ASL.[12] The county's highest point is Signal Peak in the Pine Valley Mountains, at 10,369' (3160m) ASL. The county has a total area of 2,430 square miles (6,300 km2), of which 2,426 square miles (6,280 km2) is land and 3.6 square miles (9.3 km2) (comprising 0.1%) is water.[13]

Washington County is made up of three major geographic areas; the Colorado Plateau in the east-northeast, the Great Basin in the northwest and the Mojave Desert in the south-southwest.

Greater St. George[]

Most of the population is centered in the south-central part of the county near the Arizona border around St. George. Most national shopping, dining, and hospitality chains are located here, along with several local businesses. The climate of this section of the county is typical of the Mojave Desert in which it lies; its annual rainfall is 8 inches and it is the lowest elevation in Washington County, making it particularly hot and dry compared to the rest of the county. Most homes are located in subdivisions characteristic of a growing urban sprawl. In Downtown St. George, several local restaurants and stores call the area home, and despite its small size, it tends to attract many locals and tourists alike. To combat the sprawl (which threatens many nature reserves and increases congestion), growth and promotion is being projected inward to the central area of St. George, with many new infill developments being planned and constructed. The center of the city, or downtown, also contains Dixie State University, the only four-year college within a 50-mile (80 km) radius. Dixie High School is also located in the downtown area.

Most commercial and industrial lots exist in the eastern portion of the Greater St. George Area in eastern St. George and Washington. Rapidly expanding suburbs also exist there, especially in an area known as Washington Fields. Large irrigated farms have been sold to commercial and residential developers to make way for the anticipated need of more housing and business. Pine View High School is in this section and serves the east side and Washington. To accommodate the rapidly expanding population, an additional high school (Crimson Cliffs High School) has been built in the Washington Fields area.

The western portion of the urban area contains the suburbs of Santa Clara and Ivins, and the neighborhoods of Green Valley, Dixie Downs, Sunset and Tonaquint. Due to this area's close proximity to Snow Canyon State Park, this has resulted in the construction of many resort-style communities and gated subdivisions such as Entrada, Kayenta and the Palisades, with homes often exceeding $1,000,000 in price. However, there are still many other neighborhoods and older houses that tend to be more affordable. This section is served by Snow Canyon High School.

The southern portion of the city contains the neighborhoods of Southgate, Bloomington, Bloomington Hills, SunRiver, Desert's Edge (near the airport) and Hidden Valley, and is served by Desert Hills High School. Limitations on development in this area exist due to terrain, and as such, it contains less population than its east and west counterparts. The SR-7 freeway, also known as Southern Parkway, has been built as a beltway to accommodate future growth in the southeastern portion of St. George and Washington. The partially constructed freeway also connects to St. George Regional Airport, and in the future, will provide a vital connection to the community of Hurricane, which will thereby provide quicker and more efficient access to Zion National Park, thus providing an alternative route to Interstate 15.

Despite its scenic location amid red sandstone, lava fields, and the backdrop of the Pine Valley Mountains, the northern area of St. George is almost entirely undeveloped due to the Red Cliffs National Conservation Area, which protects a variety of endangered wildlife and unspoiled desert. The only communities in northern St. George are The Ledges and Winchester Hills in the west, and Green Springs, near Washington, in the east. While the community of Winchester Hills has existed for many decades, The Ledges is a newer development met with significant controversy. A few houses in the gate portion feature what many consider to be multimillion-dollar views of Snow Canyon State Park, and because of this, are visible from inside the state park. This has led many to believe that the beauty of Snow Canyon is in jeopardy due to the City of St. George's willingness to sell the land around the park to private companies. In reality, only three houses are visible from inside the canyon, although more visible lots exist to be built upon. On the opposite end of the city is Green Springs, an upscale multimillion-dollar development, which consists of a golf course and many distinct gated and non-gated housing communities.

On the east side of the metropolitan area lies the cities of Hurricane and La Verkin. Because this locale is disconnected from the rest of the area by undeveloped swaths of land, it is still usually considered distinct from urban St. George, though this may change in the future due to anticipated development that will connect these cities. This area is more farm-based and rural than St. George, but is still experiencing the rapid expansion in commercial, industrial, and residential development like the rest of the region. It is served by Hurricane High School.

Outside the urban area[]

While the entire county, due to its large size, is considered part of the St. George Metropolitan Area, most land in the county is rural.

In the middle and north of Washington County, sparse population exists. The center-county communities of Central and Pine Valley are popular resort communities and contain many cabins and recreational parks, due to their locations in Dixie National Forest and the Pine Valley Mountains. Veyo and Dammeron Valley, also near the center of the county, are primarily ranching towns, with most houses situated on large plots of land. This central area of Washington County is generally more wet and humid than the rest of the county, due to its high elevation and high precipitation. In Pine Valley, precipitation often exceeds 20 inches per year.

The northern portion of Washington County is semi-arid and dry, albeit less so than in the southern portion. The only incorporated town in this area is Enterprise which has a population of just over 1,700. Enterprise is the home of the only secondary school outside of the Greater St. George Area, Enterprise High School. The town contains a small grocery store and multiple gas stations, but is very quaint and rural when compared to the urban area of St. George.

Western Washington County is home to Gunlock, also a ranching town, and a small Native American reserve named Shivwits, occupied by the Shivwits Band of Paiutes. This area of the county is also the location of the lowest area of the state, Beaver Dam Wash.

Eastern Washington County is also sparsely populated. However, the towns of Rockville and Springdale are filled with major hotels and resorts, despite their small sizes. This is due to their extreme proximity to Zion National Park, one of the most visited national parks in the United States. Springdale in particular contains many kitschy shopping and dining options. Most of the income in these two towns is fueled by tourism alone.

The county includes an area along the Old Spanish Trail called Mountain Meadows, just south of Enterprise on SR-18. Zion National Park is located in the eastern part of Washington County.

Major highways[]

  • I-15 Interstate 15
  • Utah SR 7 State Route 7
  • Utah SR 9 State Route 9
  • Utah SR 17 State Route 17
  • Utah SR 18 State Route 18
  • Utah SR 59 State Route 59
  • Utah SR 219 State Route 219

Adjacent counties[]

Protected areas[]

  • Beaver Dam Wash National Conservation Area
  • Dixie National Forest (part)
  • Quail Creek State Park
  • Red Cliffs National Conservation Area
  • Sand Hollow State Park
  • Snow Canyon State Park
  • Zion National Park (part)

There are 18 official wilderness areas in Washington County that are part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. Most are entities managed by the Bureau of Land Management, but some are integral parts of the above listed protected areas. Two of these extend into neighboring counties (as indicated below). Many of the BLM wildernesses are not much more than small appendages of Zion Wilderness in Zion National Park:

  • Beartrap Canyon Wilderness (BLM)
  • Beaver Dam Mountains Wilderness (BLM) (part)
  • Blackridge Wilderness (BLM)
  • Canaan Mountain Wilderness (BLM)
  • Cottonwood Canyon Wilderness (Red Cliffs NCA, managed by BLM)
  • Cottonwood Forest Wilderness (Dixie National Forest)
  • Cougar Canyon Wilderness (BLM)
  • Deep Creek North Wilderness (BLM)
  • Deep Creek Wilderness (BLM)
  • Doc's Pass Wilderness (BLM)
  • Goose Creek Wilderness (BLM)
  • LaVerkin Creek Wilderness (BLM)
  • Pine Valley Mountain Wilderness (Dixie National Forest)
  • Red Butte Wilderness (BLM)
  • Red Mountain Wilderness (Red Cliffs NCA, managed by BLM)
  • Slaughter Creek Wilderness (BLM)
  • Taylor Creek Wilderness (BLM)
  • Zion Wilderness (Zion NP) (part)

Demographics[]

Historical populations
Census Pop.
1860 691
1870 3,064 343.4%
1880 4,235 38.2%
1890 4,009 −5.3%
1900 4,612 15.0%
1910 5,123 11.1%
1920 6,764 32.0%
1930 7,420 9.7%
1940 9,269 24.9%
1950 9,836 6.1%
1960 10,271 4.4%
1970 13,669 33.1%
1980 26,065 90.7%
1990 48,560 86.3%
2000 90,354 86.1%
2010 138,115 52.9%
US Decennial Census[14]
1790–1960[15] 1900–1990[16]
1990–2000[17] 2010–2020[1] 2019[18]

1860 US Census[]


2000 census[]

As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 90,354 people, 29,939 households, and 23,442 families in the county. The population density was 37.2/sqmi (14.4/km2). There were 36,478 housing units at an average density of 15 per square mile (6/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 93.57% White, 0.21% Black or African American, 1.47% Native American, 0.45% Asian, 0.42% Pacific Islander, 2.24% from other races, and 1.65% from two or more races. 5.23% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

In 2005 89.7% of the population was non-Hispanic whites. African Americans were 0.4% of the population. Native Americans comprised 1.4% of the population. Asians increased to 0.6% of the population. Pacific Islanders made up to 0.5% of the population. 6.6% of the population was Latino.

In 2000 there were 29,939 households, out of which 37.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.60% were married couples living together, 8.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.70% were non-families. 17.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.97 and the average family size was 3.36.

The county population contained 31.20% under the age of 18, 11.60% from 18 to 24, 22.40% from 25 to 44, 17.80% from 45 to 64, and 17.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 97.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $37,212, and the median income for a family was $41,845. Males had a median income of $31,275 versus $20,856 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,873. About 7.70% of families and 11.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.60% of those under age 18 and 4.20% of those age 65 or over.

In 2000, 92.5% of residents were adherents of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints; 4.1% Catholic; 0.8% Southern Baptist; 0.6% Presbyterian; 0.4% Lutheran; 0.4% Episcopal; 0.2% United Methodist; 0.2% Baptist; 0.2% Assemblies of God; and 0.5% Other.[19]

2015[]

As of 2015, the largest European self-reported ancestry groups in Washington County are:[20]

Largest ancestries (2015) Percent
English 28.7%
German 11.5%
Irish 7.4%
Swedish 4.3%
Danish 4.3%
Scottish 3.5%
Italian 3.2%
Dutch 2.5%
Swiss 2.2%
Norwegian 2.0%
French (except Basque) 2.0%
Polish 1.2%
Welsh 1.1%
Scots-Irish 1.0%

Education[]

Washington County School District Headquarters

Washington County School District Office in St. George, Utah

In addition to the primary and secondary schools that compose Washington County School District, Washington County is home to Dixie State University in St. George, with a campus extension in Hurricane.

Utilities[]

Retail utility companies operating in Washington County include city water and power departments, Dixie Power,[21] Rocky Mountain Power, Dominion Energy (natural gas),[22] Washington County Water Conservancy District, Mountain Springs Water Company in New Harmony,[23] and the East Zion Special Service District.[24]

Communities[]

Cities[]

Washingtoncounty ut

Washington County (UT) cities and towns

Towns[]

Census-designated places[]

  • Central
  • Dammeron Valley
  • Pine Valley
  • Veyo

Unincorporated communities[]

Former communities[]

Politics and Government[]

Washington County has traditionally voted Republican; it voted for Franklin D. Roosevelt in all four of his elections but as of 2020 has not been carried by any Democratic presidential candidate since.

State Elected Offices
Position District Name Affiliation First Elected
style="background-color:#FF3333;" width=10px | " |  Senate 28 Evan Vickers Republican 2012[25]
style="background-color:#FF3333;" width=10px | " |  Senate 29 Don Ipson Republican 2008[26]
style="background-color:#FF3333;" width=10px | " |  House of Representatives 62 Travis Seegmiller Republican 2018[27]
style="background-color:#FF3333;" width=10px | " |  House of Representatives 71 Bradley Last Republican 2002[28]
style="background-color:#FF3333;" width=10px | " |  House of Representatives 74 V. Lowry Snow Republican 2012[29]
style="background-color:#FF3333;" width=10px | " |  House of Representatives 75 Walt Brooks Republican 2016[30]
style="background-color:#FF3333;" width=10px | " |  Board of Education 15 Kristan Norton Republican 2020[31]
United States presidential election results for Washington County, Utah[32]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 67,294 73.82% 20,530 22.52% 3,336 3.66%
2016 42,650 68.38% 10,288 16.49% 9,433 15.12%
2012 44,698 82.43% 8,337 15.37% 1,191 2.20%
2008 37,311 74.57% 10,826 21.64% 1,898 3.79%
2004 35,633 80.95% 7,513 17.07% 872 1.98%
2000 25,481 78.50% 5,465 16.84% 1,515 4.67%
1996 17,637 70.49% 4,816 19.25% 2,567 10.26%
1992 11,310 52.66% 3,364 15.66% 6,802 31.67%
1988 13,306 80.33% 3,054 18.44% 205 1.24%
1984 12,049 86.21% 1,846 13.21% 82 0.59%
1980 10,181 83.47% 1,678 13.76% 338 2.77%
1976 5,944 70.64% 1,893 22.50% 577 6.86%
1972 5,176 77.69% 956 14.35% 530 7.96%
1968 3,226 64.52% 975 19.50% 799 15.98%
1964 2,534 58.62% 1,789 41.38% 0 0.00%
1960 2,876 68.90% 1,298 31.10% 0 0.00%
1956 3,172 78.34% 877 21.66% 0 0.00%
1952 2,941 73.21% 1,076 26.79% 0 0.00%
1948 2,029 56.10% 1,580 43.68% 8 0.22%
1944 1,575 48.17% 1,694 51.80% 1 0.03%
1940 1,625 44.88% 1,993 55.04% 3 0.08%
1936 1,145 36.19% 2,005 63.37% 14 0.44%
1932 1,378 45.22% 1,648 54.09% 21 0.69%
1928 1,686 66.20% 857 33.65% 4 0.16%
1924 1,181 54.96% 868 40.39% 100 4.65%
1920 1,138 52.78% 1,008 46.75% 10 0.46%
1916 703 33.41% 1,397 66.40% 4 0.19%
1912 712 43.60% 842 51.56% 79 4.84%
1908 740 47.56% 810 52.06% 6 0.39%
1904 718 48.38% 761 51.28% 5 0.34%
1900 409 28.93% 1,003 70.93% 2 0.14%
1896 170 12.32% 1,210 87.68% 0 0.00%



See also[]

  • Portal icon Utah portal
  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Utah

References[]

  1. ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/washingtoncountyutah,US/PST045219. 
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx. 
  3. ^ "Utah: Individual County Chronologies". Newberry Library. 2008. http://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/UT_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm. 
  4. ^ "Where-the-Jobs-Are: Personal Finance News from Yahoo! Finance". Finance.yahoo.com. July 23, 2008. https://finance.yahoo.com/career-work/article/105431/Where-the-Jobs-Are. 
  5. ^ a b "Price City, Utah" Washington County Historical Society (accessed 1 April 2019)
  6. ^ a b Shunesburg and Northrup, Utah (accessed April 1, 2019)
  7. ^ a b "Shunesburg UT" Washington County Historical Society (accessed 1 April 2019)
  8. ^ a b Cities, Towns, and Villages in Washington County UT from wchsutah.org Washington County Historical Society, accessed December 4, 2015
  9. ^ P. Kyle House, Ancient floods, modern hazards: principles and applications of paleoflood hydrology, Vol. 1, American Geophysical Union, 2002, p. 297
  10. ^ "Individual County Chronologies/Washington County UT. [[Newberry Library]] (accessed April 1, 2019)". https://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/UT_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm. 
  11. ^ a b c d Washington County UT Google Maps (accessed 1 April 2019)
  12. ^ ""Find an Altitude/Washington County UT" Google Maps (accessed 1 April 2019)". https://www.daftlogic.com/sandbox-google-maps-find-altitude.htm. 
  13. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_49.txt. 
  14. ^ "US Decennial Census". US Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html. 
  15. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu. 
  16. ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". US Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ut190090.txt. 
  17. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000". US Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf. 
  18. ^ "QuickFacts. Utah counties.". https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/UT/PST045218. 
  19. ^ St. George, Utah. City-data.com. Advameg, Inc. Archived from the original on November 19, 2013.
  20. ^ Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/15_5YR/DP02/0500000US49053. 
  21. ^ About Dixie Power
  22. ^ "About Us". 10 Oct 2021. https://sustainability.dominionenergy.com/about-us/. 
  23. ^ [1]
  24. ^ [2]
  25. ^ "Senator | Utah Senate". https://senate.utah.gov/sen/VICKEEJ/. 
  26. ^ "Senator Ipson Utah Senate". https://senate.utah.gov/sen/IPSONDL/. 
  27. ^ "Rep. Seegmiller, Travis M." (in en-US). https://house.utah.gov/rep/SEEGMTM/. 
  28. ^ "Rep. Last, Bradley G." (in en-US). https://house.utah.gov/rep/LASTBG/. 
  29. ^ "Rep. Snow, V. Lowry" (in en-US). https://house.utah.gov/rep/SNOWVL/. 
  30. ^ "Rep. Brooks, Walt" (in en-US). https://house.utah.gov/rep/BROOKW/. 
  31. ^ "Kristan Norton". https://www.schools.utah.gov/board/members/utah/kristannorton. 
  32. ^ Leip, David. "Atlas of US Presidential Elections". http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS. 

External links[]


This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at Washington County, Utah. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License.
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